The ethnographic process and the strategic management of qualitative data with the use of the Atlas.Ti application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2382-3240/saber.2021v16n2.6500Keywords:
hermeneutical analysis, analysis of data, ethnography, Atlas.ti, Qualitative researchAbstract
This article details the procedure and functionality of the Atlas application. Ti for the handling of large volumes of data in qualitative research, specifically in the ethnographic method, proper to undertake studies where the units of analysis correspond to ethnic, indigenous, and racial groups; and characterized by containing a vast knowledge base, from their cosmogonic perspectives. Ethnography, as an ideal method supported by cultural anthropology, is characterized by its systematic rigor to understand, through hermeneutical analysis, the qualitative data generated by the empirical approach, leading to the generation of new theories. Consequently, the Atlas.Ti software, taking as a reference the use of a hermeneutical unit, codes, code family, emerging categories, quotes, memes; and semantic networks in the data, it becomes a very useful tool for researchers who choose to develop qualitative research. Finally, emphasis is placed on the role of the analyst of the Atlas.Ti application and its analytical capacity, as an autonomous element to discern on the study approach, decision making, and the conclusive elements of the study from the ethical and intersubjective perspective, based on the data offered by the analysis units.
References
Abadi, B. (2018). The determinants of cucumber farmers’ pesticide use behavior in central Iran: Implications for the pesticide use management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 205, 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.147
Albors-Garrigos, J. (2020). Barriers and enablers for innovation in the retail sector: Co-innovating with the customer. A case study in grocery retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55(January), 102077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102077
Allen, D. (2014). Re-conceptualising holism in the contemporary nursing mandate: From individual to organisational relationships. Social Science and Medicine, 119, 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.08.036
Altheide, D. L. (1987). Ethnographic content analysis. Qualitative Sociology, 10(1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988269
Ataullahjan, A., Mumtaz, Z., & Vallianatos, H. (2019a). Family planning, Islam and sin: Understandings of moral actions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Social Science and Medicine, 230(September 2018), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.03.011
Ataullahjan, A., Mumtaz, Z., & Vallianatos, H. (2019b). Family planning in Pakistan: A site of resistance. Social Science and Medicine, 230(November 2018), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.04.021
Bailey, C., & Sheehan, C. (2009). Technology, older persons’ perspectives and the anthropological ethnographic lens. Alter, 3(2), 96–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alter.2009.01.002
Beal, X. V. (2011). ¿Cómo hacer investigación cualitativa? (ETXETA, SC). Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
Berger, P., & Luckman, T. (1968). Berger-Luckman -Construcción social de la realidad. (E. Amorrortu, Ed.). Argentina: Talleres graficos color Efe, Paso 192, Avellaneda, provincia de Buenos Aires.
Boyle, J. (1994). Styles of ethnography. In J. Morce (Ed.), Critical issues in qualitative research methods (Vol. 2, pp. 185–214). United States: Sage Publications Inc., United States.
Brage, E., & Vindrola-Padros, C. (2017). An ethnographic exploration of the delivery of psychosocial care to children with cancer in Argentina. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 29, 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2017.05.002
Carter-Templeton, H. D., & Wu, L. (2015). Using Mobile Technologies to Access Evidence-Based Resources. A Rural Health Clinic Experience. Nursing Clinics of North America, 50(3), 595–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2015.05.012
Choque, A. (2011). Etnofotografía del Textil Andino con Teoría Fundamentada. In Etnofotografía del Textil Andino con Teoría Fundamentada (pp. 1–9). La Paz, Bolivia.
Dyson, J. (2019). Rethinking education as a contradictory resource: Girls’ education in the Indian Himalayas. Geoforum, 103(May 2018), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.03.021
Fast, D., Shoveller, J., & Kerr, T. (2017). The material, moral, and affective worlds of dealing and crime among young men entrenched in an inner city drug scene. International Journal of Drug Policy, 44, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.01.003
Flemming, K., Closs, S. J., Foy, R., & Bennett, M. I. (2012). Education in advanced disease. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 43(5), 885–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.05.023
Friese, S. (2011). Using ATLAS.ti for Analyzing the Financial Crisis Data. Forum, Qualitative Social Research / Forum, Qualitative Sozialforschung, 12(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-12.1.1632
Govea, V., Vera, G., & Vargas, A. M. (2011). Etnografía: una mirada desde corpus teórico de la investigación cualitativa. Omnia, 17(2), 26–39. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.390765
Guber, R. (2001). La etnografía. Método, campo, reflexivilidad. (Primera Ed). Bogotá – Colombia: Grupo Editorial, Norma, 2001.
Guillemette, F. (2006). L ’ approche de la Grounded Theory ; pour innover ? Recherches Qualitatives, 26(1), 32–50. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503306003058
Hammersley, M., & Atkinson, P. (1994). ¿Qué es la etnografía? Etnografía. Métodos de Investigación, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Hickler, B., & Auerswald, C. L. (2009). The worlds of homeless white and African American youth in San Francisco, California: A cultural epidemiological comparison. Social Science and Medicine, 68(5), 824–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.12.030
Ho, H. C., Wang, C. C., & Cheng, Y. Y. (2013). Analysis of the scientific imagination process. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 10, 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2013.04.003
Hoddinott, P., Britten, J., & Pill, R. (2010). Why do interventions work in some places and not others: A breastfeeding support group trial. Social Science and Medicine, 70(5), 769–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.067
Ingold, T. (2017). ¡Suficiente con la etnografía! Revista Colombiana de Antropología, 53, 143–159. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rcan/v53n2/0486-6525-rcan-53-02-00143.pdf
Jansen, E. C., Marcovitch, H., Wolfson, J. A., Leighton, M., Peterson, K. E., Téllez-Rojo, M. M., … Roberts, E. F. S. (2020). Exploring dietary patterns in a Mexican adolescent population: A mixed methods approach. Appetite, 147(November 2019), 104542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104542
Kaley, A., Hatton, C., & Milligan, C. (2019). Therapeutic spaces of care farming: Transformative or ameliorating? Social Science and Medicine, 227(May 2018), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.05.011
Kirah, A., Fuson, C., Grudin, J., & Feldman, E. (2005). Ethnography for software development. Cost-Justifying Usability, (1979), 415–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012095811-5/50014-6
Konopásek, Z. (2007). Making thinking visible with Atlas.ti: Computer assisted qualitative analysis as textual practices. Historical Social Research, 32(SUPPL. 19), 276–298. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-9.2.420
Legewie, H. (2014). ATLAS.ti - How It All Began. (A Grandfather’s Perspective). In ATLAS.ti User Conference 2013: Fostering Dialog on Qualitative Methods (pp. 1–5). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-4828
Llewelyn, S. (2003). What counts as “theory” in qualitative management and accounting research? Introducing five levels of theorizing. Accounting, Auditing y Accountability Journal, 16(4), 662–708. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513570310492344
Martínez, M. (2005). El Método Etnográfico de Investigación. Obtenido de Http://Prof. Usb. ve/Miguelm/Metodoetnografico.Html., 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5632(01)01840-0
Martínez, M. (2006). La Investigación Cualitativa (Síntesis Conceptual). IIPSI-UNMSM, 9(1), 123–146. Retrieved from http://prof.usb.ve/miguelm.
Monterrosa, E. C., Pelto, G. H., Frongillo, E. A., & Rasmussen, K. M. (2012). Constructing maternal knowledge frameworks. How mothers conceptualize complementary feeding. Appetite, 59(2), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.05.032
Muñoz-Justicia, J., & Sahagún-Padilla, M. (2017). Hacer un análisis cualitativo con Atlas.ti - Manual de Uso. Barcelona - España: Departamento de Psicologia - Universidad de Barcelona. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.273997
Muñoz Justicia, J. (2005). Análisis cualitativo de datos textuales con ATLAS .ti. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. Juan Manuel Muñoz Justicia. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0973(09)73469-5
Nahar, P. (2010). Health seeking behaviour of childless women in Bangladesh: An ethnographic exploration for the special issue on: Loss in child bearing. Social Science and Medicine, 71(10), 1780–1787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.07.026
Oemichen, C. (2014). La etnografía y el trabajo de campo en las ciencias sociales (Primera ed). México, D. F. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2
Olthuis, G., Prins, C., Smits, M. J., Van De Pas, H., Bierens, J., & Baart, A. (2014). Matters of concern: A qualitative study of emergency care from the perspective of patients. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 63(3), 311-319.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.08.018
Padilla, M., Castellanos, D., Guilamo-Ramos, V., Reyes, A. M., Sánchez Marte, L. E., & Soriano, M. A. (2008). Stigma, social inequality, and HIV risk disclosure among Dominican male sex workers. Social Science and Medicine, 67(3), 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.014
Pérez, C. L. (2014). Socialization, Uses and Influence of Social Networks in Adolescents: The Role of Broadcast Scheduling. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 132, 515–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.346
Pooley, C. G., Horton, D., Scheldeman, G., Tight, M., Jones, T., Chisholm, A., … Jopson, A. (2011). Household decisionmaking for everyday travel: A case study of walking and cycling in Lancaster (UK). Journal of Transport Geography, 19(6), 1601–1607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2011.03.010
Raymond, E., & Universidad, D. (1997). La Teorización Anclada ( Grounded Theory ) como Método de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales : en la encrucijada de dos paradigmas, (Laperrière).
Rodríguez-García, M., Medina-Moya, J. L., González-Pascual, J. L., & Cardenete-Reyes, C. (2018). Experiential learning in practice: An ethnographic study among nursing students and preceptors. Nurse Education in Practice, 29(November 2017), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2017.11.001
Sabariego-puig, M., & Sandín-esteban, R. V. M. P. (2014). El análisis cualitativo de datos con ATLAS.ti. Revista d’Innovació i Recerca En Educació, 7(8(2)), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1344/reire2014.7.2728
Salazar, O. (2009). Paseo de Olla. Antipoda, No 8, 35–59.
San Martín, D. (2012). Teoría fundamentada y Atlas.ti: recursos metodológicos para la investigación educativa. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 16(1), 104–122. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1607-0412014000100008&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es%0Ahttps://atlastiblog.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/san-martin-2014-teoria-fundamentada-y-atlas-ti.pdf
Sanches, P. L. B., & Machado, A. G. C. (2014). Estratégias De Inovação E Rbv: Evidências Em Uma Empresa De Base Tecnológica. Review of Administration and Innovation - RAI, 10(4), 183. https://doi.org/10.5773/rai.v10i4.1033
Shafirova, L., Cassany, D., & Bach, C. (2020). From “newbie” to professional: Identity building and literacies in an online affinity space. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 24(December 2019), 100370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2019.100370
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2002). Consideracione básicas en Bases de la investigación cualitativa: técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153
Tamayo, M. (2003). El proceso de la investigación científica. Mexico, D.F.: Grupo Noriega Editores.
Tavakol, M., Torabi, S., & Zeinaloo, A. A. (2006). Grounded Theory in Medical Education Research. Med Educ Online, 11(30), Available from http://www.med-ed-online.org.
Vargas, R. (2016). How health navigators legitimize the Affordable Care Act to the uninsured poor. Social Science and Medicine, 165, 263–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.012
Varguillas, C. (2006). El uso de AtlAs.Ti y la Creatividad del Investigador en el Análisis Cualitativo de Contenido. Laurus, 73, 1–16. Retrieved from https://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/stmaria/jmurillo/Met_Inves_Avan/Materiales/Varguillas.pdf
Walker, D., & Myrick, F. (2006). Grounded theory: An exploration of process and procedure. Qualitative Health Research, 16(4), 547–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.08.007
Wong, S. P. Y., Boyapati, S., Engelberg, R. A., Thorsteinsdottir, B., Taylor, J. S., & O’Hare, A. M. (2019). Experiences of US Nephrologists in the Delivery of Conservative Care to Patients With Advanced Kidney Disease: A National Qualitative Study. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.07.00
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Saber, Ciencia y Libertad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
