Panorama de la osteoporosis en pacientes con VIH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.1.10288Palabras clave:
Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, Densidad Ósea, Osteoporosis, Agentes antirretrovirales, Vitamina DResumen
Introducción: la infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) es un problema importante de salud pública. La terapia antirretroviral ha mejorado notablemente la sobrevida de los pacientes; en consecuencia, la cronicidad de la infección ha conllevado a diversas complicaciones como las alteraciones del metabolismo mineral óseo.
Objetivo: resumir los principales factores que afectan la salud ósea en el paciente con VIH y que llevan al aumento del riesgo de osteoporosis y fracturas en esa población.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión narrativa de los principales factores que alteran el metabolismo mineral óseo en pacientes con VIH.
Resultados: el metabolismo mineral óseo en el paciente con VIH se afecta por factores tradicionales modificables, como la deficiencia de vitamina D y no modificables como la edad. Sin embargo, la presencia del virus, la respuesta inflamatoria inmune del huésped y la terapia retroviral también pueden disminuir la densidad mineral ósea.
Conclusión: la identificación e intervención precoz de los factores que afectan a la salud ósea en pacientes infectados por el VIH es imprescindible para reducir el riesgo de osteoporosis y fracturas.
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- 2024-04-29 (2)
- 2023-06-30 (1)
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