Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide in the last 50 years, currently being considered a pandemic. It represents a great health challenge because it substantially increases the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, increased cardiovascular risk, and even several types of cancer, which contributes to decreased quality of life and decreased survival of this population. Bariatric and metabolic surgery is a tool that allows a greater weight reduction, with impact on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality.
Objectivo: To present the pathophysiological aspects related to obesity, as well as the technical aspects of current bariatric and metabolic surgery, analyzing the results and impact of this strategy, and finally to know the current indications for bariatric and metabolic surgery.
Results: The global experience with bariatric and metabolic surgery has consistently demonstrated that it is an effective and lasting treatment of severe obesity superior to non-surgical treatments, impacting on morbidity and mortality, thus the importance of knowing its indications.
Conclusion: Obesity is a chronic disease and bariatric and metabolic surgery has managed to improve the quality of life of these patients, in addition to offering a reduction in mortality and in other scenarios serving as adjuvant therapy for other treatments.
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