Epidemiologia hospitalaria: de Semmelweis a la era post antibiótico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.1.5675Palabras clave:
Epidemiologia, Hospital, microbiologia, Bacterias, resistencia microbianaResumen
A mediados de 1948, en el hospital general Allgemeines KrankenHaus de Viena, Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis propuso el uso de soluciones con cloro para el lavado de las manos de los médicos. Esta medida se debía realizar antes y después de atender y examinar a mujeres que se encontraban en trabajo de parto. ESta fue la medida más efectivas para reducir las altas tasas de mortalidad a causa de la fiebre puerperal. En ese momneto, Semmelweis sembró la semilla la cual germinaría una de las más importantes ramas de la salud pública, La Epidemiologia Hospitalaria (1).
Descargas
Referencias
Best Mark, Neuhauser D. Ignaz Semmelweis and the birth of infection control. Quality and Safety in Health Care. 2004; 13(3): 233-234.
Miranda M, Navarrete L. Semmelweis y su aporte científico a la medicina: Un lavado de manos salva vidas. Rev Chilena Infectol. 2008; 25(1): 54-57.
Ramirez GA. Florence Nightingale, la dama de la lámpara. Rev Cuidandote Digita. 2013; 3: 1-21.
Dámaso D. Historia de los antibióticos y quimioterápicos. Antibacterianos. Madrid: Ed Marketing Pharma, SA; 1991. p. 1-23.
Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Schmitz FJ, Smayevsky J, Bell J, Jones RN, et al. Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates, collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe
and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997–1999. Clin Infect Dis. 2001; 32(Suppl 2O: S114-S132.
Aires de Sousa M, de Lencastre H. Bridges from hospitals to the laboratory: genetic portraits of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2004; 40(2): 101-111.
Lowy FD. Staphylococcus aureus infections. New England J Med. 1998; 339(8): 520-532.
McCormick JK, Yarwood JM, Schlievert PM. Toxic shock syndrome and bacterial superantigens: an update. Ann Rev Microbiol. 2001; 55(1): 77-104.
Kuroda M, Ohta T, Uchiyama I, Baba T, Yuzawa H, Kobayashi I, et al. Whole genome sequencing of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet. 2001; 357(9264): 1225-1240.
Baba T, Takeuchi F, Kuroda M, Yuzawa H, Aoki K, Oguchi A, et al. Genome and virulence determinants of high virulence community-acquired MRSA. Lancet. 2002; 359(9320): 1819-1827.
Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control. 2008; 36: 309–332.
Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections. In: Olmsted RN (ed). APIC Infection Control and Applied Epidemiology: Principles and Practice. St. Louis: Mosby; 1996: 1-20.
McGeer A, Campbell B, Emori TG, Hierholzer WJ, Jackson MM, Nicolle LE, et al. Definitions of infection for surveillance in long-term care facilities. Am J Infect Control. 1991; 19(1): 1-7.
Martone WJ, Jarvis WR, Culver DH, HALEY RW, Martone W, Jarvis W, et al. Incidence and nature of endemic and epidemic nosocomial infections. Hospital Infections. 3rd ed. Boston: Little, Brown and Co, 1992, p. 577-96.
Klevens RM. Edwards JR, Richards CL Jr, Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Pollock DA, et al. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in US hospitals, 2002. Public Health Rep. 2007; 122(2): 160-166.
Burke JP. Infection control-a problem for patient safety. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348(7): 651-656.
Stone PW, Braccia D, Larson E. Systematic review of economic analyses of health care-associated infections. Am J Infect Control. 2005; 33(9): 501-509.
Chen Y-Y, Chou, Y-C, Chou P. Impact of nosocomial infection on cost of illness and length of stay in intensive care units. Infect Control Hospital Epidemiol. 2005; 26(3): 281-287.
Scott II RD. The direct medical cost of US Healthcare-Associate Infections. CDC, March 2009. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/hai/scott_costpaper.pdf
Yeung C-Y, Lee HC, Huang FY, Wang CS. Sepsis during total parenteral nutrition: exploration of risk factors and determination of the effectiveness of peripherally inserted central venous catheters. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1998; 17(2): 135-142.
OMS. Seguridad del Paciente; 2019. consultado 12 febrero 2019. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/topics/patient_safety/es/.
Descargas
Publicado
Versiones
- 2019-06-30 (3)
- 2021-05-08 (2)
- 2019-01-30 (1)
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Interdisciplinaria de Epidemiología y Salud Pública

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.