Cambios en las recomendaciones de cirugía bariátrica metabólica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.1.10233Palabras clave:
Cirugía bariátrica, Obesidad, Síndrome metabólico, diabetes mellitusResumen
Introducción: La prevalencia de la obesidad ha aumentado globalmente en los últimos 50 años, considerándose actualmente una pandemia. Representa un gran desafío para la salud porque aumenta sustancialmente el riesgo de enfermedades como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad por hígado graso, apnea obstructiva del sueño, aumento del riesgo cardiovascular, e incluso varios tipos de cáncer, lo que contribuye a disminución de la calidad de vida y disminución de la supervivencia de esta población. Siendo la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica una herramienta que permite una mayor reducción de peso, con impacto en desenlaces cardiovasculares y mortalidad.
Objetivo: Dar a conocer los aspectos fisiopatológicos relacionados con la obesidad, además de los aspectos técnicos de la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica actual, analizando los resultados y el impacto de esta estrategia, y finalmente conocer las indicaciones actuales sobre de cirugía bariátrica y metabólica.
Resultados: La experiencia global con la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica, ha demostrado consistentemente que es un tratamiento efectivo y duradero de la obesidad severa superior a los tratamientos no quirúrgicos, impactando en la morbilidad y mortalidad, por esto la importante de conocer sus indicaciones.
Conclusión: La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica y la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica ha logrado disminuir mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes, además de ofrecer reducción en la mortalidad y en otros escenarios servir como terapia adyuvante para otros tratamientos.
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