Risks and working conditions of garbage collector. A participative diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2322-634X/rcso.2.2024.10614Keywords:
Occupational risks, occupational health, solid waste collectors, participatory diagnosis, phisical risk, mechanical riskAbstract
Objective: To identify risks and working conditions that limit the safety and health of garbage collectors through a participatory diagnosis in a municipality of the Valleys Region of the state of Jalisco.
Methods: The methodological design was placed under the perspective of participatory action research. Therefore, this task consisted in favoring the collective in question to reflect on the work process, the risks and working conditions they face, through organized activities and the use of the knowledge and experiences of each of the participants. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) process involved four dimensions: the pre-research, the diagnostic, the transformative and the evaluation stage. The participatory diagnosis is the nodal axis of the PAR. Its development was carried out in three stages; 1. Determine the problem 2. Reflection, prioritization of problems, define the causes and their effects 3. Identify alternative solutions to priority problems and execution.
Identify alternative solutions to priority problems.
Results: The most frequent and serious problems were long working hours, low salaries, lack of equipment and training, and poor health service. The most important risks were physical, mechanical, ergonomic and biological risks. In proposed solutions, the group suggested a training course to raise awareness on occupational health and safety.
Conclusions: Garbage collection is a sacrificed and poorly paid job; it is the feeling of the 31 workers. It is urgent to improve working conditions and the prevention of risks since workers are in a vulnerable situation.
Downloads
References
1. López VMY, Valle BMA, Fausto GJ. Condiciones laborales y riesgos para la salud en recolectores de basura. Revista Colombiana de Salud Ocupacional. 2021; 11(1): e-5588. Doi: 10.18041/2322-634X/rcso.1.2021.5898
2. Thakur P, Ganguly R, Dhulia A. Occupational health hazard exposure among municipal solid waste workers in Himachal Pradesh, India. Waste Management. 2018; 78: 483-489. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.020.
3. Kontogianni St, Moussiopoulos N. Investigation of the occupational health and safety conditions in Hellenic solid waste management facilities and assessment of the in-situ hazard level. Saf Sci. 2017; 96: 192-197. Doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.03.025
4. da Penha SRC, Mendes daSF, da Silva RIK. Occupational profile and exposure of solid waste collectors from a Brazilian municipality. Rev Enferm Referência. 2018; 4(17): 73-83. doi:10.12707/RIV17079.
5. Gumasing MJJ, Sasot ZB. An occupational risk analysis of garbage collection tasks in the Philippines; 2019. IEEE 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA), pp.408-413.
6. Sánchez A, Sánchez F, Ruiz-Muñoz D. Labour risks in solid waste companies in Andalusia: a gender perspective. Saúde Sociedade. 2017; 26(3): 798-810. doi: 10.1590/s0104-12902017162878.
7. Aquino R. Personal de limpieza enfrenta atropellos y malas condiciones laborales. Diario El Comercio; 2011. Disponible en: http://elcomercio.pe/sociedad/lima/personal-limpiezaenfrenta-atropellos-malas-condiciones-laborales-noticia-1335989.
8. Becher PA, Martín JM. Entre carros y cartones: procesos socio-económicos en la recolección de basura urbana. El caso de un barrio cartonero en Bahía Blanca. Revista Interdisciplinaria Estudios Sociales. 2013; 8: 32.
9. Villacrés LMA, Fausto GJ. Riesgos y condiciones un autodiagnóstico en con¬texto COVID-19. Rev Colomb Salud Ocupacional. 2022; 12(2): e-8331. 10.18041/2322-634X/rcso.2.2022.8331
10. Martínez AS. La Investigación participativa como práctica social y su aportación al mundo laboral a través del modelo obrero. Salud de los Trabajadores. 2007; 15(2), 107-117.
11. Montero MMT. Investigación educativa: los enfoques participativos. Ciudad Juárez: Centro de Estudios Regionales, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez; 1998
12. Valadez FI, Vargas VV, Fausto GJ. Educación para la salud: Los modelos de intervención y su fundamentación teórica. 1ª. Ed. Guadalajara Jalisco: Sindicato de Trabajadores Académicos de la Universidad de Guadalajara; 2015. Pp: 176-233.
13. Fausto GJ, Valadez FI, Alfaro AN. El autodiagnóstico o diagnóstico participativo. En: La obesidad en preescolares y escolares, un problema emergente: Metodología para el abordaje y desarrollo comunitario. 1ª Ed. Guadalajara Jalisco: Editorial Universitaria: Universidad de Guadalajara; 2015. pp. 85-109.
14. Valadez FI, González J. Agustín, Vargas Vania, Alfaro A. Noe, Fausto G. Josefina, Luévanos V, Laureano E, y Rodríguez R. La educación para la salud en procesos de intervención participativa. 2016; Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, México.178-235
15. Ander-Egg, E. Repensando la investigación-acción participativa. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Grupo Editorial Lumen Hvmanitas; 2003,
16. Ravindra K, Kaur K, Mor S. Occupational exposure to the municipal solid waste workers in Chandigarh, India. Waste Manag Res. 2016; 34(11): 1192-1195. doi:10.1177/0734242X16665913.
17. Thakur P, Ganguly R, Dhulia A. Occupational health hazard exposure among municipal solid waste workers in Himachal Pradesh, India. Waste Management. 2018; 78: 483-489. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.020
18. Gumasing MJJ, Sasot ZB. An occupational risk análisis of garbage collection tasks in the Philippines; IEEE 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA); 2019, pp.408-413
19. Flores RLE, Giménez CE, Gerlich J, Carvalho D, Radon K. Prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo en trabajadores recolectores de basura en Asunción, Paraguay: 2013-2014. Mem Inst Investig Cienc Salud. 2016; 14(2): 40-52. doi: 10.18004/Mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(02)40-052
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Colombiana de Salud Ocupacional
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
