Metodología para la Medición de Impactos Sociales: Una Aplicación de la Matemática Borrosa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2382-3240/saber.2020v15n2.6724Palabras clave:
Impactos sociales, evaluación de impactos ambientales, evaluación de impactos sociales, medición, matemática borrosaResumen
El presente trabajo de investigación propone una herramienta para la medición ex post de impactos sociales basada en conceptos de la matemática borrosa. Aunque este es un campo de investigación en crecimiento, aún se requiere seguir avanzando en el perfeccionamiento de las metodologías existentes y la creación de nuevas, buscando mediciones cada vez más ajustadas a la realidad social, la cual está plagada de incertidumbre y subjetividad. Metodológicamente, se parte de una revisión sistemática de literatura, posteriormente se identifican y analizan las principales propuestas conceptuales en este campo, luego a partir de un ejercicio de síntesis se formula un nuevo concepto de impactos sociales, el cual fue descompuesto en sus variables constitutivas para su operacionalización, tomando estas para la construcción de conjuntos borrosos y finalmente desarrollar el modelo teórico propuesto. El concepto que se propone en este documento sobre impacto social es más completo a los revisados, al representar una síntesis de las variables presentes en cada uno de ellos. El resultado alcanzado representa un avance en este campo, aunque la labor no está finiquitada, se debe avanzar en su validación y en el desarrollo de métodos de medición borrosos ex antes.
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