Teratogenesis and exposure to retinoids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.2.8707Keywords:
teratogenesis, isotretinoina, congenital abnormalities, malformations, severe nodular acne, retinoidsAbstract
Background: Isotretinoin is a vitamin A analog approved for the treatment of severe nodular acne and acne resistant to first-line treatments. This treatment counteracts the main pathophysiological factors generating acne but with the potential risk of teratogenic effects during pregnancy.
Objective: To describe a clinical case of a patient with multiple malformations and in utero exposure to Isotretinoin.
Clinical case: Female infant one month and nine days old, first pregnancy of mother with daily use of Isotretinoin during the first six weeks of gestation and discontinued once the pregnancy status was known. Physical examination at birth with dolichocephaly, hypertelorism, low-set ears and right microtia, prearicular dimples with rudimentary appendages in the auditory canal, pronounced ridge and micrognathia. Studies showed hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, ductus arteriosus and patent foramen ovale.
Conclusion: The use of vitamin A analogues is frequent in clinical practice, their benefits in the control of severe nodular acne are known. It is essential to be clear about its high risk of teratogenicity. In utero exposure requires an active search for possible malformations and appropriate genetic counseling.
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