Evaluación de la Madurez Tecnológica del Internet de las Cosas en Empresas Industriales del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires – Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-3803/entramado.1.13065Palabras clave:
Internet de las Cosas, Madurez Tecnológica, Empresas Industriales, Adopción de Tecnología, Modelo de madurezResumen
El Internet de las Cosas tiene potencial para transformar las operaciones industriales, pero su adopción se enfrenta a retos relacionados con la preparación organizativa y la escasa evidencia empírica en América Latina. Esta investigación se centra en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina, donde las empresas industriales desempeñan un papel importante en la economía del país. Se presenta la evaluación empírica de la madurez tecnológica del Internet de las Cosas en las empresas industriales de esta región. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, exploratorio y transversal con 37 empresas, utilizando el modelo de madurez multidimensional ATLANTIS como referencia. Los resultados revelaron una diferencia en la madurez general entre las grandes empresas y las PYMES, mostrando las primeras una mayor competencia, especialmente en la gestión de dispositivos y los componentes de conectividad. Si bien se identificaron puntos comunes en la integración empresarial, áreas como el cumplimiento normativo y la contextualización presentaban oportunidades de mejora para ambos grupos. El análisis de correlación confirmó una fuerte interdependencia entre las dimensiones tecnológicas y organizacionales (ρ = 0.77) y la madurez general. El Análisis de Componentes Principales identificó distintos perfiles de madurez, diferenciando empresas con un enfoque tecnológico de otras con una visión más holística. Los resultados sugieren que la adopción exitosa del Internet de las Cosas requiere una alineación de la infraestructura tecnológica con la cultura organizacional, por lo que se recomienda a las PYMES priorizar capacidades en conectividad y gestión de dispositivos, mientras que los responsables de políticas públicas deberían diseñar estrategias que fomenten el cumplimiento normativo y los estándares de seguridad para cerrar la brecha de madurez tecnológica en la región.
Descargas
Referencias
1. AHMETOGLU, S.; COB, Z.C.; ALI, N. A Systematic Review of Internet of Things Adoption in Organizations: Taxonomy, Benefits, Challenges and Critical Factors. In: Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2022. vol. 12. no. 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094117.
2. AYALU, Getachew; ABBAY, Aradom Gebrekidan; AZADI, Hossein. The role of micro- and small-scale enterprises in enhancing sustainable community livelihood: Tigray, Ethiopia. In: Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2023. vol. 25. no. 8. p. 7561–7584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02359-7.
3. AZROUR, Mourade; MABROUKI, Jamal; GUEZZAZ, Azidine; KANWAL, Ambrina. Internet of Things Security: Challenges and Key Issues. In: Security and Communication Networks. 2021. vol. 2021. no. 1. p. 5533843. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5533843.
4. BECERRA, Martín; MARINO, Santiago; MASTRINI, Guillermo; DRAGOMIR, Marius; THOMPSON, Mark; BERMEJO, Fernando. Mapping digital media: Argentina. Buenos Aires. 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30272.05124.
5. BENOTMANE, Meryem; ELHARI, Kaoutar; KABBAJ, Adil. A review and analysis of current IoT maturity and readiness models and novel proposal. In: Scientific African. 2023. vol. 21. p. e01748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01748.
6. BOUCHIKHI, Maeva El; WEERTS, Sophie; CLAVIEN, Christine. The internet of things deployed for occupational health and safety purposes: A qualitative study of opportunities and ethical issues. In: PLOS ONE. dic 2024. vol. 19. no. 12. p. e0315671. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315671.
7. BRAVO, Victor. Argentine Energy Policy During the Period 2014–2018. In: Oil and Natural Gas Economy in Argentina: The case of Fracking. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2021. pp. 79–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65520-4_2.
8. BROUS, P.; JANSSEN, M.; HERDER, P. The dual effects of the Internet of Things (IoT): A systematic review of the benefits and risks of IoT adoption by organizations. In: International Journal of Information Management. 2020. vol. 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.008.
9. CHEN, Xiao; HU, Haoyu; ZHOU, Jiacheng; LI, Yuan; WAN, Lei; CHENG, Zhen; CHEN, Junwei; XU, Jun; ZHOU, Ru. Indoor photovoltaic materials and devices for self-powered internet of things applications. In: Materials Today Energy. 2024. vol. 44. p. 101621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101621.
10. DOBROWOLSKA, Emilia; SLIŻ, Piotr. ICT Technology Implementation and the Level of Process Maturity in an Organization. In: European Management Studies (previously: problemy zarządzania-management issues). 2022. vol. 20. no. 2 (96). p. 31–47.
11. ELGAZZAR, Khalid; KHALIL, Haytham; ALGHAMDI, Taghreed; BADR, Ahmed; ABDELKADER, Ghadeer; ELEWAH, Abdelrahman; BUYYA, Rajkumar. Revisiting the internet of things: New trends, opportunities and grand challenges. In: Frontiers in the Internet of Things. 2022. vol. 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/friot.2022.1073780.
12. FADHULLAH, Widad; IMRAN, Nor Iffah Najwa; ISMAIL, Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed; JAAFAR, Mohd Hafiidz; ABDULLAH, Hasmah. Household solid waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia. In: BMC Public Health. ene 2022. vol. 22. no. 1. p. 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12274-7.
13. GAUR, L.; RAMAKRISHNAN, R. Developing internet of things maturity model (IoT-MM) for manufacturing. In: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering. 2019. vol. 9. no. 1. p. 2473–2479. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.A4168.119119.
14. GODFRID, Juan; RADNIC, Pablo; VAISMAN, Alejandro; ZIMÁNYI, Esteban. Analyzing public transport in the city of Buenos Aires with MobilityDB. In: Public Transport. jun 2022. vol. 14. no. 2. p. 287–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12469-022-00290-8.
15. GRANDON, E.E.; IBARRA, A.A.; GUZMAN, S.A.; RAMIREZ-CORREA, P.; ALFARO-PEREZ, J. Internet of Things: Factors that influence its adoption among Chilean SMEs [Internet de las Cosas: Factores que influyen su adopción en Pymes chilenas]. In: Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, CISTI. 2018. pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.23919/CISTI.2018.8399183.
16. GROSMAN, Nicolás; BRAUDE, Hernán; ROVIRA, Sebastián; PATIÑO, Alejandro. Made in Latam: How smart manufacturing can give Latin America new hope for industrialization. https://repositorio.cepal.org/entities/publication/30d95d59-4c67-40ca-aeb1-56d07c96d516.
17. GROUP LACALYTICS. Industry 4.0 and the future of work: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and the EU – state of affairs, opportunities and challenges – IFAIR. https://ifair.eu/2020/08/24/industry-4-0-and-the-future-of-work-argentina-brazil-chile-and-the-eu-state-of-affairs-opportunities-and-challenges/.
18. HA, J.; KOSE, M.A.; OHNSORGE, F. Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies: Evolution, Drivers, and Policies. World Bank Publications. 2019. https://books.google.com.co/books?id=ReqKDwAAQBAJ.
19. HATTON, Matt. A new taxonomy for IoT reveals new roles and opportunities. Transforma Insights. 2023. https://transformainsights.com/research/reports/new-taxonomy-iot.
20. HUGHES-LARTEY, Kwesi; LI, Meng; BOTCHEY, Francis E.; QIN, Zhen. Human factor, a critical weak point in the information security of an organization’s Internet of things. In: Heliyon. 2021. vol. 7. no. 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06522.
21. JÆGER, Bjørn; HALSE, Lise Lillebrygfjeld. The IoT Technological Maturity Assessment Scorecard: A Case Study of Norwegian Manufacturing Companies. In: H. Lödding, R. Riedel, K.-D. Thoben, G. von Cieminski, and D. Kiritsis (eds.), Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2017. pp. 143–150.
22. JAVAID, Mohd; HALEEM, Abid; SINGH, Ravi Pratap; RAB, Shanay; SUMAN, Rajiv. Internet of Behaviours (IoB) and its role in customer services. In: Sensors International. 2021. vol. 2. p. 100122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100122.
23. KARTINI, Ani; LUBIS, Muharman; RAHMAD, Basuki; SAFITRA, Muhammad Fakhrul. Advancing Digital Maturity in Healthcare Through Comprehensive Integration of Business Intelligence, K-Means Clustering, and Python Programming. In: P. M. Lee and G. M. Lee (eds.), Selected Papers from the 10th International Conference on E-Business and Applications 2024. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. 2024. pp. 83–94.
24. KASSAMBARA, Alboukadel. Practical Statistics in R for Comparing Groups: Numerical Variables. nov 2019. 204 p.
25. KULKARNI, P.M.; GOKHALE, P.; DANDANNAVAR, P.S. Internet of Things (IoT) Adoption: Challenges Among Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). In: EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing. 2023. p. 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07654-1_9.
26. KUMAR, Sachin; TIWARI, Prayag; ZYMBLER, Mikhail. Internet of Things is a revolutionary approach for future technology enhancement: a review. In: Journal of Big Data. dic 2019. vol. 6. no. 1. p. 111. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-019-0268-2.
27. LEZAMA-NICOLÁS, René; RODRÍGUEZ-SALVADOR, Marisela; RÍO-BELVER, Rosa; BILDOSOLA, Iñaki. A bibliometric method for assessing technological maturity: the case of additive manufacturing. In: Scientometrics. dic 2018. vol. 117. no. 3. p. 1425–1452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2941-1.
28. MISHRIF, Ashraf; KHAN, Asharul. Technology adoption as survival strategy for small and medium enterprises during COVID-19. In: Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 2023. vol. 12. no. 1. p. 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00317-9.
29. MON, Alicia; GIORGIO, Horacio René Del. Analysis of Industry 4.0 Products in Small and Medium Enterprises. In: Procedia Computer Science. 2022. vol. 200. p. 914–923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.289.
30. NAGY, Judit; OLAH, Judit; ERDEI, Edina; MATE, Domician; POPP, Jozsef. The Role and Impact of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things on the Business Strategy of the Value Chain-The Case of Hungary. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103491.
31. NIEMBRO, Andrés; CALÁ, Carla Daniela. Regional structural change in Argentina (1996–2019): Concepts, measurements and unequal trajectories over the business cycle. In: Regional Science Policy and Practice. 2024. vol. 16. no. 8. p. 100068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2024.100068.
32. OKE, A.E.; AROWOIYA, V.A. Evaluation of internet of things (IoT) application areas for sustainable construction. In: Smart and Sustainable Built Environment. 2021. vol. 10. no. 3. p. 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-11-2020-0167.
33. ORGANIZACIÓN DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS PARA LA EDUCACIÓN, LA CIENCIA Y LA CULTURA. The ethical implications of the Internet of Things (IoT): report adopted in September 2021. Paris: Paris : UNESCO, 2023.
34. ORMAZABAL, Marta; SARRIEGI, Jose M.; RICH, Eliot; VILES, Elisabeth; GONZALEZ, Jose J. Environmental Management Maturity: The Role of Dynamic Validation. In: Organization and Environment. 2021. vol. 34. no. 1. p. 145–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620929058.
35. PARRA-SÁNCHEZ, Diana Teresa; TALERO-SARMIENTO, Leonardo Hernan; GUERRERO, Cesar Dario. Assessment of ICT policies for digital transformation in Colombia: technology readiness for IoT adoption in SMEs in the trading sector. In: Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance. ene 2021. vol. 23. no. 4. p. 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-09-2020-0120.
36. PINO, Andrés Felipe Solis; RUIZ, Pablo H.; MON, Alicia; COLLAZOS, Cesar Alberto. Systematic literature review on mechanisms to measure the technological maturity of the Internet of Things in enterprises. In: Internet of Things. 2024a. p. 101082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101082.
37. PINO, Andrés Felipe Solis; RUIZ, Pablo H.; MON, Alicia; COLLAZOS, Cesar Alberto. ATLANTIS: A multidimensional maturity model for evaluating the adoption of the internet of things in industrial SMEs. In: Internet of Things. 2024b. p. 101457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101457.
38. PINO, Andrés Felipe Solis; RUIZ, Pablo H.; MON, Alicia; COLLAZOS, Cesar Alberto. Mechanisms for measuring technology maturity on the Internet of Things in enterprises: A systematic literature mapping. In: Internet of Things. 2024c. vol. 25. p. 101100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101100.
39. PINO, Andrés Solis; RUIZ, Pablo; MON, Alicia; COLLAZOS, Cesar. A bibliometric analysis of the landscape of measuring technology maturity in the enterprise internet of things. In: International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE). 2024. vol. 14. no. 4. p. 4697–4713 https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i4.pp4697-4713.
40. QIU, Tie; CHEN, Ning; LI, Keqiu; ATIQUZZAMAN, Mohammed; ZHAO, Wenbing. How Can Heterogeneous Internet of Things Build Our Future: A Survey. In: IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. 2018. vol. 20. no. 3. p. 2011–2027. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2018.2803740.
41. ROUGIER, MARCELO. Industria y empresas en la Argentina, siglo XX (presentación). In: Estudos Ibero-Americanos. 2008. vol. 34. no. 2. p. 7–12.
42. SÁNCHEZ, Marisa Analia; RAMOSCELLI, Gustavo. Value creation from the internet of things: exploratory study in Buenos Aires province. In: Revista Científica Visión de Futuro. 2018. vol. 22. no. 1. p. 170–187.
43. SOLIS, Andrés Felipe; REVELO LUNA, David Armando; CAMPO CEBALLOS, Diego Andrés; GAVIRIA LÓPEZ, Carlos Alberto. Correlación del contenido de clorofila foliar de la especie Coffea arabica con índices espectrales en imágenes. In: Biotecnología en el Sector Agropecuario y Agroindustrial. 2021. vol. 19. no. 2. p. 51–68. https://doi.org/10.18684/bsaa.v19.n2.2021.1536.
44. SOLIS PINO, Andrés Felipe; RUIZ, Pablo H.; MON, Alicia; COLLAZOS, Cesar Alberto; MOREIRA, Fernando. Analysis of Enterprise Internet of Things Maturity Models: A Review. In: Applied Sciences. 2024. vol. 14. no. 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14219859.
45. VERSINO, Mariana; GUIDO, Luciana; GORENSTEIN, Silvia; VIDOSA, Regina. La promoción de tecnologías 4.0 para las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas argentinas. In: Ciencia, tecnología y política. dic 2023. vol. 6. no. 11. p. 103. https://doi.org/10.24215/26183188e103.
46. WU, Yulei. Cloud-Edge Orchestration for the Internet of Things: Architecture and AI-Powered Data Processing. In: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. 2021. vol. 8. no. 16. p. 12792–12805. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.3014845.
47. ZAMANI, Seyedeh Zahra. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) facing an evolving technological era: a systematic literature review on the adoption of technologies in SMEs. In: European Journal of Innovation Management. 2022. vol. 25. no. 6. p. 735–757. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2021-0360.
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Entramado
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
