Variables related to partial disability reports in León, Guanajuato.

Abstract

Introduction: Work-related accidents represent an important cause of morbidity and disability, with partial permanent disability (PPD) being one of their main consequences. In Mexico, the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) reports a high number of disability assessments related to occupational accidents, highlighting the need to analyze the variables associated with their occurrence at the local level.

Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic, occupational, and diagnostic variables associated with partial permanent disability assessments resulting from work-related accidents at the General Hospital with Family Medicine No. 21 (HGZ/MF 21) of the IMSS in León, Guanajuato, during the 2022–2023 period.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using 165 ST-3 disability assessments issued between January 2022 and December 2023. Sociodemographic variables, occupational characteristics, type of assessment, and diagnosis were analyzed. Statistical analysis included measures of central tendency, frequencies, and percentages using IBM SPSS Statistics version 30.

Results: Most cases involved men (81.8%) and individuals aged 39 to 48 years. The majority of assessments were initial and definitive. Partial permanent disability accounted for 95.8% of cases. The most frequent diagnoses included traumatic amputation of the wrist and hand, fractures of the leg and ankle, and other musculoskeletal injuries. Most affected workers were employed in manufacturing industries and reported a moderate workload.

Conclusions: Partial permanent disabilities predominantly affect middle-aged men working in high-risk industrial sectors. The high frequency of amputations and upper limb injuries underscores the need to strengthen occupational health prevention strategies, surveillance programs, and return-to-work measures targeted at vulnerable worker populations.