Enfoque de la parálisis flácida en urgencias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.2.9892Palabras clave:
Parálisis bulbar, parálisis flácida, síndrome de Guillain Barre, Miastenia gravis, mielitis transversa, enfermedades de la unión neuromuscular, polineuropatíaResumen
Introducción: La parálisis flácida es una causa de consulta en los servicios de urgencias, con diferentes etiologías, puede ser inmunomediada o secundaria a enfermedades sistémicas, que pueden llevar a cuadriparesia y falla ventilatoria por parálisis bulbar.
Objetivo: Revisar el abordaje inicial de la parálisis flácida por síndromes neurológicos, la fisiopatología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las enfermedades que neurológicas que componen esta entidad. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una revisión crítica de la literatura científica en MEDLINE, PUBMED, ELSEVIER, SCIENCE DIRECT, filtrando resultados de revisiones de tema, reportes de caso, estudios transversales, ensayos clínicos controlados, metanálisis y guías de manejo con un total de 13934 documentos, priorizando 30.
Resultados: La principal causa de parálisis flácida es el síndrome de Guillain barre, seguida de enfermedades sistémicas y otras enfermedades neurológicas como la miastenia gravis o la mielitis transversa, se deben identificar tempranamente los signos de falla respiratoria, el diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, aunque existen estudios confirmatorios, y su tratamiento se debe iniciar de manera temprana y oportuna con esteroides, inmunoglobulina o plasmaféresis e inmunomodulación según sea el caso. Conclusión: La parálisis flácida es una urgencia neurológica con diferentes etiologías, se debe reconocer los signos de alarma, realizar un abordaje inicial y diagnóstico clínico tempranos para iniciar un tratamiento oportuno.
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- 2023-03-16 (2)
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