La piratería y las descargas ilegales: ¿se ven afectados los artistas?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2013v11n18.1121Palabras clave:
piratería en Internet, intercambio de música ilegal, industria de la música, externalidadesResumen
En este ensayo se analiza el impacto que generan la piratería musical y las descargas ilegales en los artistas: cantantes y autores de letras. Los argumentos sugieren que, si bien los cantantes ven una afectación directa en sus ingresos provenientes de regalías (venta de discos CD), estas pérdidas son compensadas con la mayor venta de entradas para conciertos, venta de productos con marca propia, y un mayor ingreso por contratos publicitarios; contrariamente, para el caso de los autores de letras la mayor piratería no los afecta directamente en sus finanzas sino en términos motivacionales. Los análisis teóricos se basan en función de ingresos y costos, así como en una función de producción de tipo Cobb-Douglas, en la cual se incluye la piratería como una externalidad negativa
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Referencias
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Gayer, A. & Shy, O. (2006). Publishers, artists, and copyright enforcement. information economics and policy, 18.
Gopal, R.; Sanders, G., Bhattacharjee, S.; Agrawal, M. & Wagner, S. (2004). A behavioural model of digital music piracy. Journal of organizational computing and electronic commerce, 14 (2).
Gopal, R.; Blattacharjee, S. & Sanders, G. (2006). Do artists benefit from online music sharing? the Journal of business, 79 (3). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/500683Ian, J. (2005). Online Music Sharing May Benefit Artists. In J. D. Torr (Ed.), At Issue. internet Piracy. San Diego: Greenhaven Press. Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.auckland. ac.nz/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010337206&userGroupName=learn&jsid=63c246f05-136272559087afc71eeb3a5IFPI (2009, January). new business models for a changing environment. IFPI. Retrieved from http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/dmr 2009.pdf
LaPlante, A. (2009). Digital Music Is the Future of the Music Industry. In R. Espejo (Ed.), At Issue. What is the future of the music industry? Detroit: Greenhaven Press (2009). (Reprinted from information Week, 31 January 2008). Retrieved from: http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy. auckland. ac.nz/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010558204&userGroupName=learn&jsid=158223b84-3fe5e560c24f60fc58f156f
Mc Donald, H. (2012). Get paid in your music career. Retrieved from: http://musicians. about.com/od/otherindustrycareers/ht/ makemoneymusic.htm
Mas-Colell, A.; Whinston, M. & Green, J. (1995). microeconomic theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
RIAA (2009). Illegal File Sharing Threatens the Future of the Music Industry. In R. Espejo (Ed.), At Issue. What is the future of the music industry? Detroit: Greenhaven Press. Retrieved from: http:// ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/ ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010558210&u serGroupName=learn&jsid=00660b392baa5d9b7372e1cbf3203f61
SPA (1997b). Software piracy and global competitiveness. Washington D.C.: Software publishers’ Association,
Zentner, A. (2006). Measuring the effect of file sharing on music purchases, Journal of law and economics, Vol. XLIX.
Gayer, A. & Shy, O. (2006). Publishers, artists, and copyright enforcement. information economics and policy, 18.
Gopal, R.; Sanders, G., Bhattacharjee, S.; Agrawal, M. & Wagner, S. (2004). A behavioural model of digital music piracy. Journal of organizational computing and electronic commerce, 14 (2).
Gopal, R.; Blattacharjee, S. & Sanders, G. (2006). Do artists benefit from online music sharing? the Journal of business, 79 (3). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/500683Ian, J. (2005). Online Music Sharing May Benefit Artists. In J. D. Torr (Ed.), At Issue. internet Piracy. San Diego: Greenhaven Press. Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.auckland. ac.nz/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010337206&userGroupName=learn&jsid=63c246f05-136272559087afc71eeb3a5IFPI (2009, January). new business models for a changing environment. IFPI. Retrieved from http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/dmr 2009.pdf
LaPlante, A. (2009). Digital Music Is the Future of the Music Industry. In R. Espejo (Ed.), At Issue. What is the future of the music industry? Detroit: Greenhaven Press (2009). (Reprinted from information Week, 31 January 2008). Retrieved from: http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy. auckland. ac.nz/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010558204&userGroupName=learn&jsid=158223b84-3fe5e560c24f60fc58f156f
Mc Donald, H. (2012). Get paid in your music career. Retrieved from: http://musicians. about.com/od/otherindustrycareers/ht/ makemoneymusic.htm
Mas-Colell, A.; Whinston, M. & Green, J. (1995). microeconomic theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
RIAA (2009). Illegal File Sharing Threatens the Future of the Music Industry. In R. Espejo (Ed.), At Issue. What is the future of the music industry? Detroit: Greenhaven Press. Retrieved from: http:// ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/ ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010558210&u serGroupName=learn&jsid=00660b392baa5d9b7372e1cbf3203f61
SPA (1997b). Software piracy and global competitiveness. Washington D.C.: Software publishers’ Association,
Zentner, A. (2006). Measuring the effect of file sharing on music purchases, Journal of law and economics, Vol. XLIX.
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Publicado
2017-11-08
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La piratería y las descargas ilegales: ¿se ven afectados los artistas?. (2017). Criterio Libre, 11(18), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2013v11n18.1121
