Patrones de desempleo y muerte por sobredosis de opioides en Estados Unidos de 2017 a 2019

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.1.10941

Palabras clave:

opioides, mortalidad, sobredosis, daños relacionados con opioides, desempleo, determinantes sociales de la salud

Resumen

Introducción: El desempleo se relaciona al incrementó de los efectos negativos de opioides, como muerte por sobredosis. Identificar puntos críticos en EE.UU. puede ser crucial para redireccionar recursos de salud y mejorar estrategias, políticas y programas para reducir la carga de daños relacionados con los opioides.

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el desempleo y la muerte por sobredosis de opioides.

Métodos: Utilizando datos de la Oficina de Estadísticas Laborales de EE.UU. y los CDC entre 2017 a 2019, describimos la correlación del desempleo con las muertes por sobredosis de opioides. Se realizaron análisis de agrupamiento espacial para generar valores globales del índice I de Moran y crear mapas de puntos críticos para identificar agrupaciones y tendencias.

Resultados: Se observó una autocorrelación de las tasas de mortalidad por sobredosis de opioides con las de los estados circundantes, en particular en el Medio Oeste, el Noreste y el Sureste en 2017 y 2019. En contraste, solo ciertos estados del Noreste mostraron una mayor agrupación en 2018. Un modelo de regresión de Poisson mostró asociación positiva entre el desempleo y muertes por sobredosis de opioides en 2017 y 2019. En general, 2018 no siguió patrones similares a los observados en 2017 y 2019 en la correlación entre el desempleo y las tasas de muerte por sobredosis.

Conclusiones: Las muertes relacionadas con opioides parecen estar asociadas con las tasas de desempleo en EE. UU. durante 2017 y 2019, pero en menor medida en 2018.

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Biografía del autor/a

  • Rana Khafagy, The Hospital for Sick Children

    Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

    Departments of Pharmacy and Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

  • Saranya Naraentheraraja, Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

  • Aranee Sathiyamoorthy, Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Publicado

2025-04-10

Número

Vol. 8 Núm. 1 (2025): Ijeph

Sección

Artículos Originales

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2025 Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Cómo citar

Khafagy, R., Naraentheraraja, S., & Sathiyamoorthy, A. (2025). Patrones de desempleo y muerte por sobredosis de opioides en Estados Unidos de 2017 a 2019. Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 8(1), e-10941. https://doi.org/10.18041/2665-427X/ijeph.1.10941

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