Basel and Securitization: Conflicting Incentives and Rationales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/0121-3474/verbaiuris.33.24Palabras clave:
Basilea, Incentivos, Titularización, Racionalidades, Apalancamiento, Capital de riesgo, Capital mínimo requerido, Calificadores del riesgo, Agente racional, Liquidez, Riesgo sistémico, RiesgoResumen
La crisis financiera presentada en el 2007 reviste una serie de factores similares a lo que generó la crisis de 1929, precedidas por un ambiente de desregulación económica. Existen entonces dentro de los sistemas bancarios una serie de incentivos y racionalidades que, dependiendo de la posición que se ocupe dentro del mercado financiero, están constantemente en conflicto con la regulación y en especial con los principios establecidos en Basilea para el correcto funcionamiento del sistema.
En consecuencia al presentarse nuevos mecanismos de negocios, como la titulación o el mercado de futuros, estos incentivos van a influenciar enormemente en los agentes del mercado financiero, para que incumplan sus obligaciones (Basilea I, II, y III). Así logran una mayor ganancia tanto para ellos como para las instituciones a las que pertenecen.
Por lo anterior las medidas contenidas en Basilea III, que se basan principalmente en aumentar el capital de riesgo y disminuir el apalancamiento, si no se acompañan con una política de control efectiva, teniendo en cuenta los incentivos y al agente racional dentro del mercado, no van a ser eficientes en el largo plazo, siendo posible que se produzca una nueva crisis económica, si se encuentra un nuevo instrumento financiero apto para ello.
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Referencias
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