Tres teorías sobre el derecho a la autodeterminación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/0124-0021/dialogos.50.2019.5555Palabras clave:
autodeterminación;, derechos humanos;, movimiento indígenaResumen
El derecho tiene dos dimensiones: puede representar un statu quo injusto, pero asimismo puede representar una herramienta de lucha aplicable a cualquier actor social. Esta idea es desarrollada en este artículo a través del análisis del derecho a la autodeterminación.
La autodeterminación es un viejo concepto que representa el autogobierno ante los Estados. Sin embargo, recién a principios del siglo XX se reconoció como derecho y, posteriormente, como derecho humano. En este artículo, se analiza la noción de autodeterminación desde un alcance teórico sin dejar de lado algunos elementos históricos. Primero, el artículo explica lo que significó la autodeterminación desde el punto de vista de John Locke como representante de la ley natural: el liberalismo. Posteriormente, se analiza desde la perspectiva de Marx y Lenin, quienes se constituyeron en un fundamento a favor de la descolonización africana. Finalmente, se resalta cómo los movimientos indígenas globales reinterpretaron la noción de autodeterminación a través de la Constitución boliviana y el concepto de Sumak Kawsay. Este caso ejemplifica cómo el derecho y los derechos humanos pueden ser un territorio indeterminado y disputable.
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Referencias
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Gulliver, P. (1963). Social control in an African society. Boston: Boston University Press.
Hohfeld, W. N. (1978). Fundamental legal conceptions as applied in judicial reasoning. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Houtart, F. (2011). El concepto de Sumak Kawsay (Buen Vivir) y su correspondencia con el bien común de la humanidad. Ecuador Debate, 84, 57-76.
Kennedy, D (2003). Two globalizations of law and legal thought: 1850-1968. Suffolk University Law Review, 36(3). Retrieved from http://www.duncankennedy.net/documents/Two%20Globalizations%20of%20Law%20and%20Legal%20Thought%201850-1968.pdf
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Moore, S. F. (2001). Fifty turbulent years of legal anthropology, 1949-1999. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 7(1), 98-116. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2660838?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Moyn, S. (2010). The last utopia. Human Rights in history. United States of America: Harvard University Press. Retrieved from http://docenti.unimc.it/benedetta.barbisan/teaching/2017/17581/files/the-last-utopia-human-rights-in-history
Pacari, N. (1984). Las culturas nacionales en el estado multinacional ecuatoriano. Revista del banco central de Ecuador, 6(18a), 113-123.
Stephenson, M. (2000). The impact of an indigenous counter public sphere on the practice of democracy: The taller de historia oral Andina in Bolivia. Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies, paper No.279. Retrieved from https://kellogg.nd.edu/sites/default/files/old_files/documents/279_0.pdf
Terretta, M. (2013). From below and to the left. Human rights and liberations politics in Africa´s postcolonial age. Journal of World History, 24(2), 389-416. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43286282
Tomaselli, A. (2016). Exploring indigenous self-government and forms of autonomy. In E. b. Short, In Handbook of Indigenous People´s Rights.
Tushnet, M. (1984). An essay on rights. Wisconsin Law Review, 62(8), 1363-1383. Retrieved from http://www.dariaroithmayr.com/pdfs/assignments/Tushnet,%20Essay%20on%20Rights.pdf
Villavicencio, P. & Kotze, L. (2018). Living in harmony with nature? A critical appraisal of the rights of mother earth in Bolivia. Transnational Environmental Law, 7(3), 397-424. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2047102518000201
Wallerstein, I. (1991). Geopolitics and geo culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). The force of law: Toward a sociology of the juridical field. The Hastings Law Journal, 38(5), 814-853. Retrieved from http://derechoycambiosocial.pbworks.com/f/bourdieu%255B1%255D.pdf
Campbell, T. (2011). The reputation of rights. In Rights: A critical introduction. New York: Routledge.
Copa Pabón, M. V. (2015). “Lo plurinacional” como reto histórico avances y retrocesos desde la experiencia boliviana. En A. C. Wolkmer & I. F. Lixa (orgs.), Constitucionalismo, descolonización y pluralismo jurídico en América latina (pp. 263-272). Aguascalientes y Florianópolis: Centro de Estudios Jurídicos y Sociales; Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxFyyGwkLQwJb0FKRGhRMEF4OVU/view
De Sousa Santos, B. (2002). Toward a new legal common sense. London: Butterworths LexisNexis.
De Sousa Santos, B. (2015). Toward a socio-legal theory of indignation. In U. Baxi, C. McCrudden & A. Paliwala, Law’s ethical, global and theoretical context (pp. 115-142). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316337325.007
Douzinas, C. (2007). The many faces of humanitarianism. Parrhesia, 2, 1-28. Retrieved from http://www.parrhesiajournal.org/parrhesia02/parrhesia02_douzinas.pdf?q=humanitarianism
Fabricant, N. (2012). Mobilizing Bolivia’s displaced: Indigenous politics & the struggle over land. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
Fanon, F. (2004). The wretched of the earth. New York: Grovre. Retrieved from http://home.ku.edu.tr/~mbaker/CSHS503/FrantzFanon.pdf
Gulliver, P. (1963). Social control in an African society. Boston: Boston University Press.
Hohfeld, W. N. (1978). Fundamental legal conceptions as applied in judicial reasoning. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Houtart, F. (2011). El concepto de Sumak Kawsay (Buen Vivir) y su correspondencia con el bien común de la humanidad. Ecuador Debate, 84, 57-76.
Kennedy, D (2003). Two globalizations of law and legal thought: 1850-1968. Suffolk University Law Review, 36(3). Retrieved from http://www.duncankennedy.net/documents/Two%20Globalizations%20of%20Law%20and%20Legal%20Thought%201850-1968.pdf
Lenin, V. I. (1972). The right of nations to self-determination. In Collected works (vol. 20). Moscow: Progress Publishers. Retrieved from https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/self-det/
Locke, J. (2017). Second Treatise on Government. Jonathan Bennett
Macas, L. (2010). Sumak Kawsay: la vida en plenitud. En O. León (dir.), América Latina en Movimiento (pp. 14-16). Quito: Época. Retrieved from https://www.alainet.org/sites/default/files/alai452w.pdf.
Marx, K. (1843). On the Jewish question. Marxis.org. Retrieved from https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/On%20The%20Jewish%20Question.pdf
Marx, K. & Engels, F. (2008). On colonialism. Second edition. Foreign Languages Publishing House. Moscow
Marx, K. & Engels, F. (1969). Manifesto of the Communist Party. In Selected works. Moscow: Progress Publishers. Retrieved from https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf
Moore, S. F. (2001). Fifty turbulent years of legal anthropology, 1949-1999. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 7(1), 98-116. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2660838?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Moyn, S. (2010). The last utopia. Human Rights in history. United States of America: Harvard University Press. Retrieved from http://docenti.unimc.it/benedetta.barbisan/teaching/2017/17581/files/the-last-utopia-human-rights-in-history
Pacari, N. (1984). Las culturas nacionales en el estado multinacional ecuatoriano. Revista del banco central de Ecuador, 6(18a), 113-123.
Stephenson, M. (2000). The impact of an indigenous counter public sphere on the practice of democracy: The taller de historia oral Andina in Bolivia. Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies, paper No.279. Retrieved from https://kellogg.nd.edu/sites/default/files/old_files/documents/279_0.pdf
Terretta, M. (2013). From below and to the left. Human rights and liberations politics in Africa´s postcolonial age. Journal of World History, 24(2), 389-416. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43286282
Tomaselli, A. (2016). Exploring indigenous self-government and forms of autonomy. In E. b. Short, In Handbook of Indigenous People´s Rights.
Tushnet, M. (1984). An essay on rights. Wisconsin Law Review, 62(8), 1363-1383. Retrieved from http://www.dariaroithmayr.com/pdfs/assignments/Tushnet,%20Essay%20on%20Rights.pdf
Villavicencio, P. & Kotze, L. (2018). Living in harmony with nature? A critical appraisal of the rights of mother earth in Bolivia. Transnational Environmental Law, 7(3), 397-424. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2047102518000201
Wallerstein, I. (1991). Geopolitics and geo culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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2019-06-01
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Tres teorías sobre el derecho a la autodeterminación. (2019). Diálogos De Saberes, 50, 119-134. https://doi.org/10.18041/0124-0021/dialogos.50.2019.5555
