Human Suffering
An Integrative Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/1794-5232/cultrua.2018v15n2.5112Keywords:
suffering, suffering and experience, suffering and meaning, perceptions of sufferingAbstract
Abstract Introduction: Suffering is a universal multifaceted phenomenon hard to define and often connected to pain. Suffering is not a homogeneous concept. Instead, suffering is a diffused term that includes innumerable ways of dealing with depression, pain, loss, and adversity. Suffering is described as a response or behavior recognized by introspection or observation of the behavior of the person and his/her environment. Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe the role of the advanced nurse practitioners when dealing with the construct of suffering and to present a review of literature related to the human suffering experience. Methods: The CINAHL Complete, PubMed, One Search, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global databases were search using the keywords suffering, experiences, meanings and perceptions of suffering. Search limits included peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from 1980 to 2016. Results: A total of nine qualitative and five quantitative studies were reviewed. Three major themes were identified: the dimensions of suffering (physical, psychological, social, existential and ethical), enduring suffering and measuring human suffering, and perceiving another’s suffering by using reliable and valid instruments.
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References
1. Abraham, A., Kutner, J. S., & Beaty, B. (2006). Suffering at the end of life in the setting of low physical symptom distress. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 9(3), 658-665.
2. Alkrisat, M., & Dee, V. (2014). The validation of the coping and adaptation processing scale based on the Roy adaptation model. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 22(3), 368- 380
3. Arman, M., Rehnsfeldt, A., Lindholm, L., Hamrin, E., & Eriksson, K. (2004). Suffering relatedto health care: A study of breast cancer patients’ experiences. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 10, 248-256.
4. Adunsky, A., Aminoff, B. Z., Arad, M., & Bercovitch, M. (2008). Minisuffering state examination: Suffering and survival of end-of-life cancer patients in a Hospice setting.
5. American Journal of Hospice &Palliative Medicine, 24, 493-498.
6. Baines, B. K., & Norlander, L. (2000). The relationship of pain and suffering in a Hospice population. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 17(5), 319–326.
7. Braband, B. (2009). The suffering journey: Lived experiences of persons who have endured life-impacting events. Doctoral dissertation. ProQuest, UMI Number: 3398508.
8. Baumann, S. L., Lee, O. J., & Im, S-B. (2013). Stories of suffering with leprosy and cancer in Korea. Nursing Science Quarterly, 26(3), 274-279.
9. Baumann, S. L. (2016). The living experience of suffering: A Parse method study with older adults. Nursing Science Quarterly, 29(4), 308-315.
10. Berglund, M., Westin, L., Svanström, R., & Sundler, A. J. (2012). Suffering caused by care-elderly patients’ experiences from hospital settings. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 7, 18688.
11. Cassell, E. J. (1982). The nature of suffering and the goals of medicine. The New England Journal of Medicine, 306(11), 639-645
12. Chapman, C. R., & Gavrin, J. (1993). Suffering and its relationship to pain. Journal of Palliative Care, 9, 5-13.
13. Currow, D., & Hegarty, M. (2006). Suffering–At the bedside of the dying. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 18(2–3), 123–136.
14. Cutcliffe, J. R., Hummelvoll, J. K., Granerud, A., & Eriksson, B. G. (2015). Mental health nurses responding to suffering in the 21st century occidental world: Accompanying people in their search for meaning. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 29, 19-25.
15. Coulehan, J. (2012). To suffer with: The poetry of compassion. In J. Malpas & N. Lickiss (Eds.), Perspectives on human suffering (pp. 227-244). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science & Business Media.
16. Ellis, J., Cobb, M., O’Connor, T., Dunn, L., Irving, G., & Lloyd-Williams, M. (2014). Themeaning of suffering in patients with advanced progressive cancer. Chronic Illness, 11(3), 198-209.
17. Devik, S. A., Enmarker, I., Wiik, G. B., & Hellzèn, O. (2013). Meanings of being old, living on one’s own and suffering from incurable cancer in rural Norway. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 17, 781-787.
18. Frankl, V. (1961). Logotherapy and the challenge of suffering. Review of Existential Psychiatry, 1, 3-7.
19. Frankl, E. V. (1992). Man’s search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logotherapy. Beacon Press: Boston.
20. Frank, A. W. (2001). Can we research suffering? Qualitative Health Research, 11(3), 353-362.
21. Fitzpatrick, S. J., Kerridge, I.H., Jordens, C. F. C., Zoloth, L., Tollefsen, C., Tsomo, K. L., &Sarma, D. (2016). Religious perspectives on human suffering: Implications for medicineand bioethics. Journal of Religion Health, 55(1), 159-173.
22. Gregory, D., & English, J. (1994). The myth of control: Suffering in palliative care. Journal of Palliative Care, 10(2), 18–23.
23. Kahn, D. L. & Steeves, R.H. (1986). The experience of suffering: Conceptual clarification and theoretical definition. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 11, 623-631.
24. Kilpatrick, K., Jabbour, M., & Fortin, C. (Processes in healthcare teams that include nurse practitioners: what do patients and families perceive to be effective. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 25, 619-630
25. Milton, C. L. (2013). Suffering. Nursing Science Quarterly, 26(3), 226-228.
26. Morse, J. M. (2001). Toward a praxis theory of suffering. Advances in Nursing Science, 24(1),47-59.
27. Nienimen, A-L., Mannevaara, B., & Fagerström, L. (2011). Advanced practice nurses’ scope of practice: a qualitative study of advanced clinical competencies. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences.25, 661-670.
28. Nilmanat, K., Chailungka, P., Phungrassami, T., Promnoi, C., Tulathamkit, K., Noo-urai, P., & Phattaranavig, S. (2010). Living with suffering as voiced by Thai patients with advanced terminal cancer. International Journal of Palliative Care, 16(8), 393-399.
29. Pilkington, F. B., & Kilpatrick, D. (2008). The lived experience of suffering: A Parse research method study. Nursing Science Quarterly, 21(3), 228-237.
30. Rodgers, B. L., & Cowles, K. V. (1997). A conceptual foundation for human suffering in nursing care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25, 1048-1053.
31. Roy, C. (2009). The Roy adaptation model (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
32. Ruijs, K. D.M., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., van der Wal, G., & Kerkhof, A. J.F.M. (2009). Unbearability of suffering at the end of life: the development of a new measuring device, the SOS-V. BMC Palliative Care, 8(16). doi: 10.1186/1472-684X-8-16
33. Schulz, R., Monin, J. K., Czaja, S. J., Lingler, J. H., Beach, S.R., Martire, L. M., & Cook, T. B. (2010). Measuring the experience and perception of suffering. The Gerontologist, 50(6), 774-784.
34. Wheeler, M.S. (2016). Primary Palliative care for Every Nurse Practitioner. The Journal for Nurse Practitioner, 12, 647-653.
2. Alkrisat, M., & Dee, V. (2014). The validation of the coping and adaptation processing scale based on the Roy adaptation model. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 22(3), 368- 380
3. Arman, M., Rehnsfeldt, A., Lindholm, L., Hamrin, E., & Eriksson, K. (2004). Suffering relatedto health care: A study of breast cancer patients’ experiences. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 10, 248-256.
4. Adunsky, A., Aminoff, B. Z., Arad, M., & Bercovitch, M. (2008). Minisuffering state examination: Suffering and survival of end-of-life cancer patients in a Hospice setting.
5. American Journal of Hospice &Palliative Medicine, 24, 493-498.
6. Baines, B. K., & Norlander, L. (2000). The relationship of pain and suffering in a Hospice population. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 17(5), 319–326.
7. Braband, B. (2009). The suffering journey: Lived experiences of persons who have endured life-impacting events. Doctoral dissertation. ProQuest, UMI Number: 3398508.
8. Baumann, S. L., Lee, O. J., & Im, S-B. (2013). Stories of suffering with leprosy and cancer in Korea. Nursing Science Quarterly, 26(3), 274-279.
9. Baumann, S. L. (2016). The living experience of suffering: A Parse method study with older adults. Nursing Science Quarterly, 29(4), 308-315.
10. Berglund, M., Westin, L., Svanström, R., & Sundler, A. J. (2012). Suffering caused by care-elderly patients’ experiences from hospital settings. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 7, 18688.
11. Cassell, E. J. (1982). The nature of suffering and the goals of medicine. The New England Journal of Medicine, 306(11), 639-645
12. Chapman, C. R., & Gavrin, J. (1993). Suffering and its relationship to pain. Journal of Palliative Care, 9, 5-13.
13. Currow, D., & Hegarty, M. (2006). Suffering–At the bedside of the dying. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 18(2–3), 123–136.
14. Cutcliffe, J. R., Hummelvoll, J. K., Granerud, A., & Eriksson, B. G. (2015). Mental health nurses responding to suffering in the 21st century occidental world: Accompanying people in their search for meaning. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 29, 19-25.
15. Coulehan, J. (2012). To suffer with: The poetry of compassion. In J. Malpas & N. Lickiss (Eds.), Perspectives on human suffering (pp. 227-244). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science & Business Media.
16. Ellis, J., Cobb, M., O’Connor, T., Dunn, L., Irving, G., & Lloyd-Williams, M. (2014). Themeaning of suffering in patients with advanced progressive cancer. Chronic Illness, 11(3), 198-209.
17. Devik, S. A., Enmarker, I., Wiik, G. B., & Hellzèn, O. (2013). Meanings of being old, living on one’s own and suffering from incurable cancer in rural Norway. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 17, 781-787.
18. Frankl, V. (1961). Logotherapy and the challenge of suffering. Review of Existential Psychiatry, 1, 3-7.
19. Frankl, E. V. (1992). Man’s search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logotherapy. Beacon Press: Boston.
20. Frank, A. W. (2001). Can we research suffering? Qualitative Health Research, 11(3), 353-362.
21. Fitzpatrick, S. J., Kerridge, I.H., Jordens, C. F. C., Zoloth, L., Tollefsen, C., Tsomo, K. L., &Sarma, D. (2016). Religious perspectives on human suffering: Implications for medicineand bioethics. Journal of Religion Health, 55(1), 159-173.
22. Gregory, D., & English, J. (1994). The myth of control: Suffering in palliative care. Journal of Palliative Care, 10(2), 18–23.
23. Kahn, D. L. & Steeves, R.H. (1986). The experience of suffering: Conceptual clarification and theoretical definition. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 11, 623-631.
24. Kilpatrick, K., Jabbour, M., & Fortin, C. (Processes in healthcare teams that include nurse practitioners: what do patients and families perceive to be effective. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 25, 619-630
25. Milton, C. L. (2013). Suffering. Nursing Science Quarterly, 26(3), 226-228.
26. Morse, J. M. (2001). Toward a praxis theory of suffering. Advances in Nursing Science, 24(1),47-59.
27. Nienimen, A-L., Mannevaara, B., & Fagerström, L. (2011). Advanced practice nurses’ scope of practice: a qualitative study of advanced clinical competencies. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences.25, 661-670.
28. Nilmanat, K., Chailungka, P., Phungrassami, T., Promnoi, C., Tulathamkit, K., Noo-urai, P., & Phattaranavig, S. (2010). Living with suffering as voiced by Thai patients with advanced terminal cancer. International Journal of Palliative Care, 16(8), 393-399.
29. Pilkington, F. B., & Kilpatrick, D. (2008). The lived experience of suffering: A Parse research method study. Nursing Science Quarterly, 21(3), 228-237.
30. Rodgers, B. L., & Cowles, K. V. (1997). A conceptual foundation for human suffering in nursing care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25, 1048-1053.
31. Roy, C. (2009). The Roy adaptation model (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
32. Ruijs, K. D.M., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., van der Wal, G., & Kerkhof, A. J.F.M. (2009). Unbearability of suffering at the end of life: the development of a new measuring device, the SOS-V. BMC Palliative Care, 8(16). doi: 10.1186/1472-684X-8-16
33. Schulz, R., Monin, J. K., Czaja, S. J., Lingler, J. H., Beach, S.R., Martire, L. M., & Cook, T. B. (2010). Measuring the experience and perception of suffering. The Gerontologist, 50(6), 774-784.
34. Wheeler, M.S. (2016). Primary Palliative care for Every Nurse Practitioner. The Journal for Nurse Practitioner, 12, 647-653.
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Published
2018-12-01
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How to Cite
Human Suffering: An Integrative Literature Review. (2018). Cultura, 15(2), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.18041/1794-5232/cultrua.2018v15n2.5112
