Dectin 1a orquesta respuestas complejas en linajes inmunocompetentes: hacia β-Glucanos de origen fúngico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.2.11541Palabras clave:
Betaglucano, hongos, levaduras, inmunidad innata, receptores, Dectin1Resumen
En hongos, los β-Glucanos (bG), compuestos por glucosa, desempeñan diversas funciones como componentes de matrices extracelulares y reservas de energía. El interés por su estudio se debe a sus propiedades inmunomoduladoras y antitumorales. La presente revisión presenta, en forma comprensible, las interacciones moleculares detrás de estos efectos que aún se comprenden de manera limitada, por lo que existe un vacío de conocimiento relacionado con sus mecanismos y los efectos en seres humanos. Un aspecto relevante encontrado mediante la exploración no sistemática de la literatura es la dinámica ligando-receptor entre β-Glucanos (bG) y Receptores de Patrones Moleculares (PRRs) clave en su reconocimiento, como Dectin1 y el Receptor de Complemento de Membrana Tipo 3 (CR3), por separado y en conjunto. Así, se demostró que bG, Dectin1 y CR3 orquestan una respuesta inmunológica celular. Es fundamental reconocer la necesidad de un estándar de control de peso molecular específico y mayor investigación sobre receptores de β-glucano, como CR3.
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