Analysis of the decrease in diclofenac concentration in aqueous solutionusing ozone intensified by hydrodynamic cavitation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/1794-4953/avances.1.13281Keywords:
Advanced oxidation, Diclofenac, Hydrodynamic cavitation, OzoneAbstract
A hydrodynamic cavitation system was analyzed to intensify the ozonation of diclofenac present in aqueous solution. An ozone generator with a capacity of 5 g de O3/h was used. Hydrodynamic cavitation was induced through a Venturi tube connected to the outlet of a 745,7 W pump with a discharge pressure of 0,41 MPa. The flow rate driven by the pump was 0,0005 m3/s, and the system was operated in complete recirculation. A central composite experimental design was
used to determine the effect of the initial pH of the solution (4 and 7) and the initial diclofenac concentration (5 mg/L y 10 mg/L). The experimental results were evaluated using analysis of variance, determined that the experimental variables and their interactions up to the second order affect the response variable, corresponding to the percentage of diclofenac removal. The response surface methodology allowed identifying the conditions to achieve the highest removal percentage, reaching 40% with an initial pH of 4 and a diclofenac concentration of 5 mg/L. In all test, the cavitation number was 0,797, which confirms the formation of cavities within the liquid. The reaction time in each of the experiments was 0,5 h. The effectiveness of the process under these conditions is mainly attributed to the fact that diclofenac remains in its
non-ionized form, whose hydrophobicity favors its accumulation at the interface of the cavities
formed in the Venturi throat, where it is attacked by the OH radicals generated during collapse.
Furthermore, the intensifying effect of hydrodynamic cavitation on ozonation can be attributed
to the improvement in the mass transfer of ozone into the water due to turbulence in the Venturi throat, as well as by the ozone decomposition that generates OH radicals in the medium.
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