Sistemas agrivoltaicos: una contribución a la sostenibilidad
Palabras clave:
agrivoltaica, energías renovables, producción de alimentos, sistemas fotovoltaicos, sostenibilidad, uso del sueloResumen
En este artículo cienciométrico, se realizó un análisis para resaltar cómo los sistemas agrivoltaicos
representan una solución innovadora para satisfacer las necesidades alimentarias y energéticas
simultáneamente. Para el desarrollo de este estudio se utilizaron dos bases de datos esenciales, Web
of Science y Scopus, ambas reconocidas por albergar investigaciones altamente relevantes y, a
menudo, novedosas. Estas bases de datos proporcionaron información valiosa sobre cómo estos
sistemas mejoran la producción de alimentos y la generación de energía. Se empleó el método del
Árbol de la Ciencia para filtrar la abundancia de artículos obtenidos inicialmente de estas bases de
datos, permitiendo su clasificación en raíz, tronco y tres ramas principales, cada una centrada en
componentes clave de los sistemas agrivoltaicos. Los hallazgos se clasificaron en tres temas
principales: avances en la fabricación de paneles, incluidas mejoras en su resistencia a condiciones
extremas y la optimización de su orientación para capturar mejor los fotones. Estas mejoras también
contribuyen al aumento de la producción de alimentos y energía. El segundo tema describe cómo la
innovación en los sistemas agrivoltaicos contribuye a la seguridad alimentaria y energética,
especialmente en regiones con distintas condiciones y necesidades climáticas. Finalmente, el último
tema describe cómo el uso de algoritmos y tecnologías de optimización en la implementación de
sistemas agrivoltaicos contribuye a maximizar la producción tanto agrícola como energética.
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