Hipofunción hipofisaria y trastornos relacionados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-7841/rcslibre.2020v15n1.7279Palabras clave:
Hipofisis, Hipopituitarismo, Deficit hormonal hipofisiario, Terapia de reemplazo, insuficiencia pituitariaResumen
La hipofunción hipofisiaria o también conocida como hipopituitarismo se refiere a la disminución en la secreción de una o mas hormonas hipofisiarias, esto dependerá de la porción glandular comprometida. La glándula se divide en la hipófisis anterior o adenohipófisis en donde se producen 6 hormonas bien conocidas como Hormona de Crecimiento (GH), la Corticotropina (ACTH), la Tirotropina (TSH), la Hormona Folículo Estimulante (FSH), la Hormona Luteinizante (LH) y la Prolactina (PRL). En la hipófisis posterior o neurohipofisis se almacena continuamente y después se secretan la Hormona Antidiurética (ADH) y la oxitocina. Por lo tanto, el grado de compromiso glandular determina si el déficit de estas hormonas es parcial o total con consecuencias clínicas leves o severas. El diagnóstico en muchas oportunidades se realiza con pruebas de estimulación o evaluaciones periódicas múltiples de función hipofisiaria con medición de niveles hormonales. Las terapias de reemplazo hormonal varían dependiendo del déficit encontrado, así como la etapa de vida del paciente.
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