Guarantee of rights in land restitution and contribution topeacebuilding

Abstract

This article provides a systematic review of the literature on the guarantee of rights in land
restitution processes and their contribution to peacebuilding in Colombia. The discussion is framed
within Law 1448 of 2011, which established the guidelines for public policy on comprehensive
reparations for victims of armed conflict, highlighting the progress made and the challenges faced
in its implementation throughout the country. A documentary methodology was adopted, using
bibliometric analysis techniques applied to scientific publications indexed in databases such as Web
of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Google Scholar, for the period between 2019 and 2024. Production,
impact, and scientific collaboration indicators were analyzed to identify authors, countries, and
institutions that have led the theoretical and empirical development of the topic. The main lines of
research address the effectiveness of restitution as a mechanism for reparation, the security and
return of victims, and the consolidation of peace from a territorial perspective. Gaps are identified
in the regional analysis of processes and in the evaluation of the effective enjoyment of rights,
which represents a challenge for the formulation of more equitable and sustainable policies. It is
concluded that Law 1448 of 2011 has enabled significant progress in terms of land reparations and
restitution, although its implementation has limitations associated with territorial inequality and
security conditions in rural areas. There is a need to further study the effective enjoyment of rights
from a regional perspective, which would allow for an assessment of the differential progress and
challenges in peacebuilding and social reconciliation.