Changes in the Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Uropathogens Isolated from Outpatients (2011-2021)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.1.8458Keywords:
Lower Urinary Tract Infection, Antimicrobial Resistance, Beta-lactam Antimicrobial, Gram-negative BacteriaAbstract
Introduction: In the last decades it has been documented an important increase in antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections acquired in the community, as well as the hospital. The objective was to determine changes in antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from lower urinary tract infections acquired in the community. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Medical files were revised from 534 patients diagnosed with lower urinary tract infection, positive urine culture, antibiogram results, that attended to consultations at “Dr. Ignacio Chávez” Family Medicine Clinic, for a period of 10 years (96 corresponded to 2011-2014, 150 to 2015-2018 and 288 to 2019-2021). Antimicrobial resistance was classified based on Magiorakos AP et al, for Enterobacteriaceae criteria. The results were analyzed using Chi-square test of independence or Fisher´s exact test. Significance level 0.05. Statistical Program SPSS 26 version. Results: Significant changes were observed in beta-lactam. Mainly with piperacillin-tazobactam (p=0,022), ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (p= 0,018), cefuroxime (p= 0,034), cefazolin (p= 0,008) and with cefotaxime (p=0,020). An increase was presented in the percentage of multidrug-resistant strains, no significant difference. Conclusion: The increased use of antibiotics beta-lactam in lower tract non-complicated urinary infections, contributed in the gradual resistance increase to this type of antimicrobial, selectively pressuring up on the implicated bacteria. An increase in MDR strains was registered in outpatients with UTI.
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