Respiratory Viruses and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients with Respiratory Infection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.2.9492Keywords:
Influenza A virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Rural Population, SurveillanceAbstract
Background: Worldwide, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the principal causes of medical consultation. It is related to a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially among people at extreme ages of life. Objective: To Identify the respiratory viruses associated with acute respiratory infection in children and adults, at ESE SAN RAFAEL DE YOLOMBO, between October 2021 and April 2022. Methos: Following the national recommendations of the Ministry of Health, an ARI surveillance program was implemented. A cross-sectional study was developed under an analysis of a secondary source of information. A total of 212 cases were studied, all of which met the criteria ARI. A descriptive analysis of the demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample was performed. Results: The global percentage of positivity for viral isolation was 15.7%. The highest positivity (19.2%) was recorded among children from zero to 4 years old. Of the total positive cases, the respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 54.4%, influenza A in 24.2 %, metapneumovirus in 15.2%, and parainfluenza virus 3 in 6.1%. 78.8% of cases required hospital treatment, 7.8% of which were derived to a high-level hospital. 13.5 % of the pediatric population was born prematurely, and 45.8% of the adult population suffered from some cardiometabolic disease. Conclusion: The care of ARI cases represents a high burden for the health care system in rural areas. The continuity of epidemiological surveillance programs for this event in scattered areas of the country constitutes a crucial tool for planning its management from the field of public health.
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