Diagnostic approach of the cavitated pulmonary nodule: Frequent and infrequent causes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.1.8849Keywords:
Cavitated pulmonary nodule, Young adult, Neoplasia, Lung infection, DiagnosisAbstract
The presence of cavitated nodule in a diagnostic image of thorax is a diagnostic challenge for the clinician, since in his differential diagnostic evaluation it is very broad, and includes various pathologies; Infectious, autoimmune conditions, and malignancies. A case is presented corresponding to a young adult female patient of 24 years who consulted for an acute clinical picture of cough, fever and dyspnea, with chest imaging studies compatible with areas of consolidation in the right base, multiple nodules with predominantly peribronchovascular distribution, some of them cavitated, mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Mycobacterial infection, fungal infection, respiratory viruses, oncological and hematological pathology were ruled out. Lung biopsy showed acute and severe chronic inflammation, mediated by polymorphonuclear lymphocytes and leukocytes, areas of necrosis and abscess formation, negative study for granulomas or malignant changes, isolation of Staphylococcus Aureus. The clinical course and histopathological findings confirm the diagnosis of severe pneumonia with chest tomography images of a cavitated nodule secondary to an infectious process
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