Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Asymptomatic Multiple Myeloma: An Atypical Clonal Origin? Reliving the Case
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.1.13148Keywords:
Anemia, acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, clonal hematopoiesis, frail elderly, palliative careAbstract
An 85-year-old female patient presented with constitutional syndrome associated with bicytopenia due to anemia and leukopenia. Bone marrow studies showed more than 20% of blasts of myeloid lineage and more than 10% of plasma cells of pathological immunophenotype, confirming double hematological neoplasia by pathological anatomy and immunohistochemistry. It had ECOG of 2 points and Charlos Score of 7 points for a 10-year survival of 0.01%, so palliative management was provided with azacitidine with good tolerance. The present case is described given the concomitant atypical presentation of both neoplasms and the complex choice of treatment with a favorable evolution.
Downloads
References
1. Jamal I, Shuchismita S, Choudhary V. Twin Malignancy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma in a Chemotherapy-Naïve Patient: A Rare Occurrence. J Lab Physicians. 2023 Jun;15(02):306-10.
2. Berthon C, Nudel M, Boyle EM, Goursaud L, Boyer T, Marceau A et al. Acute myeloid leukemia synchronous with multiple myeloma successfully treated by azacytidine/lenalidomide and daratumumab without a decrease in myeloid clone size. Leuk Res Rep [Internet]. 2020 Jan 1 [cited 2024 Feb 16];13. Available from /pmc/articles/PMC7191213/.
3. Sashida G, Ito Y, Nakajima A, Kawakubo K, Kuriyama Y, Yagasaki F et al. Multiple myeloma with monosomy 13 developed in trisomy 13 acute myelocytic leukemia: Numerical chromosome abnormality during chromosomal segregation process. Cancer Genet Cytogenet [Internet]. 2003 Mar [cited 2024 Feb 16];141(2):154–6. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12606134/.
4. Mailankody S, Pfeiffer RM, Kristinsson SY, Korde N, Bjorkholm M, Goldin LR et al. Risk of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes after multiple myeloma and its precursor disease (MGUS). Blood [Internet]. 2011 Oct 13 [cited 2024 Feb 16];118(15):4086–92. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21795746/.
5. Shimony S, Stahl M, Stone RM. Acute myeloid leukemia: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol [Internet]. 2023 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Feb 16];98(3):502–26. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36594187/.
6. Maral S, Albayrak M, Sahin O, Ozturk HBA, Han U, Falay M. Synchronous detection of multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice. 2021;27(2):464-469. doi:10.1177/1078155220932352.
7. Wulf GG, Jahns-Streubel G, Hemmerlein B et al. Plasmacytosis in acute myeloid leukemia: two cases of plasmacytosis and increased IL-6 production in the AML blast cells. Ann Hematol 1998; 76: 273–277.
8. Shukla J, Patne SC, Singh NK. Simultaneous appearance of dual malignancies of hematopoietic system multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2008; 51: 118–120.
9. Kim D, Kwok B, Steinberg A. Simultaneous acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma successfully treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. South Med J 2010; 103: 1246–1249. 7.
10. Raz I, Polliack A. Coexistence of myelomonocytic leukemia and monoclonal gammopathy or myeloma. Simultaneous presentation in three patients. Cancer 1984; 53: 83–85. 8.
11. Cleary B, Binder RA, Kales AN et al. Simultaneous presentation of acute myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. Cancer 1978; 41: 1381–1386.
12. Lu-Qun W, Hao L, Xiang-Xin L et al. A case of simultaneous occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15: 724.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Biociencias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
