Resistencia reversa en Candida spp. Una visión desde fármacos, derivados de plantas y transportadores de membrana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.2.11542Palabras clave:
Resistencia reversa, transportadores ABC y MFS, transportadores de membrana, derivados de plantasResumen
Las enfermedades infecciosas mundiales, generadas por hongos filamentosos y levaduras, están volviéndose más frecuentes debido a que se adaptan a los fármacos existentes y utilizan diferentes mecanismos de resistencia. Las especies de Candida que afectan a los seres humanos son alrededor de quince, algunas más frecuentes que otras y con tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad elevadas. Uno de los mecanismos de resistencia más estudiados en Candida spp. es la bomba de eflujo de fármacos, en la que los transportadores ABC y MFS son los más investigados. Los transportadores ABC y MFS energizan el transporte de sustancias mediante ATP y gradiente de protones, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, el uso de compuestos químicos o derivados de plantas, como posibles revertidores de la resistencia, podría considerarse un objetivo de estudio en lugar de crear nuevos antifúngicos. La eficacia de los antifúngicos actuales puede aumentar mediante una combinación adecuada con sustancias naturales. En esta revisión, abordamos cuestiones como la clasificación de los fármacos antifúngicos, la resistencia a los fármacos antifúngicos, los mecanismos generales de resistencia antifúngica, los transportadores ABC y MFS, el uso de derivados de plantas para revertir los procesos de resistencia y la evaluación de laboratorio de los derivados de plantas como posibles revertidores.
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