Performance of institutionalized citizen participation: a state of the art and an analytical proposal
Introduction: The widespread expansion of institutionalized participatory processes in local democracies around the world has been accompanied by numerous studies seeking to analyze their effects once implemented. Among these, one line of evaluation proposes investigating their impact on public decision-making. Objective: to propose an analysis of the performance of Institutionalized Participatory Processes. Method: The methodology for carrying out the proposed analysis follows the guidelines for constructing typologies in accordance with the procedure for developing a theoretical or reference framework. Results: The concept and method of evaluating the performance of Institutionalized Participatory Processes is proposed based on the benefits sought and obtained from public policies, considering both changes in design and in their relational policy processes. The proposal includes a typology of policy benefits and highlights the importance of analyzing both the quantitative and qualitative results of Institutionalized Participatory Processes. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a need to pay attention to the formulation of proposals and public decisions made to measure the effectiveness of Institutionalized Participatory Processes, in which, ultimately, the efforts of the State and society are committed.
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Economic cycle and entrepreneurship: two sides of the same coin
Introduction: Over time, various theories of the business cycle have been developed by authors from different schools of thought. Most of these theories attempt to explain the causes, phases, and effects that the business cycle has on the economy. Objective: This paper analyzes the bidirectional relationship between business cycles and entrepreneurship from the perspective of the Austrian School. Its objective is to demonstrate that both phenomena are interdependent: cycles distort the market signals that guide entrepreneurs, while entrepreneurial action modulates the effects of economic fluctuations through spontaneous adjustment processes. Method: The methodology combines a theoretical review of Austrian authors (Mises, Hayek, Rothbard) with a graphical-conceptual analysis of mechanisms such as the productive structure, the market for loanable funds, and the role of the central bank. The theoretical review integrates two pillars: the theory of the business cycle based on artificial credit expansion and its impact on the interest rate, and the theory of entrepreneurship as a coordinating force of the market. Results: The main results reveal that: cycles originate from monetary interventions that artificially reduce the gross interest rate, generating malinvestment in productive stages distant from consumption; entrepreneurship is distorted by false price signals during booms, leading to massive errors in capital allocation; during recessionary phases, the most perceptive entrepreneurs correct imbalances through economic recalculation and reallocation of resources toward real demands; and the price system acts as a discovery mechanism that allows entrepreneurs to adapt to cyclical phases, albeit with social costs during the adjustment. Conclusion: It is concluded that economic recovery depends critically on entrepreneurial capacity to reinterpret market conditions and reorient productive factors, highlighting the importance of avoiding interventions that alter price signals.
La revista Gestión y Desarrollo Libre celebra la publicación de su edición número 19, correspondiente al año 2025, la cual es el fruto del compromiso del Comité Editorial y los valiosos aportes de todas las personas que hicieron posible su culminación. Hay que reconocer la dedicación y generosidad de los investigadores por sus contribuciones a la revista, así como a los revisores y colaboradores que aseguraron la rigurosidad académica las investigaciones. Este volumen recoge trabajos de gran relevancia provenientes de diferentes escenarios latinoamericanos, lo que enriquece el diálogo académico desde diversas aristas; esto se videncia por los trabajos provenientes de Argentina, Colombia, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, España, Estados Unidos, México y Venezuela, lo cual abre nuevas perspectivas de análisis. La pluralidad de autores y opiniones que recoge la revista fortalece su misión y la consolidad como un espacio inclusivo internacional que consolida redes académicas de la región.
Impact of the january slump on the personal finances of mexican families
The research focuses on the impact of the “January slump” on the personal finances of families in the Gaviotas Sur neighborhood, El Cedral sector, in Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico: the study, which employs a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design, surveys 324 residents. The results reveal that 91.00% of respondents have experienced financial problems during the January slump. Most respondents have a high school education and demonstrate poor economic management. It also shows that 81.50% of respondents work, 67.60% resort to loans from friends or family, and 76.90% have had to pawn goods to cover basic expenses. However, while 92.30% recognize the importance of avoiding unnecessary purchases for the coming year, the inappropriate use of their income prevents them from achieving this goal. The research highlights the need for financial education to improve the economic fluidity of families.
Development of brand identity and visual identity for a craft beer
After analyzing the needs of a craft beer brand, the solution to the problem is to develop its brand and visual identity, thereby differentiating it from its competitors. The project focuses on creating a concept that encompasses everything from the brand's guiding principles to the design of its labels, which differentiate flavors. To do this, Bruno Munari's methodology is used, which emphasizes the importance of following logical steps to obtain optimal results with minimal effort. Starting the creative process involves analyzing the target market and the competition to understand how it can stand out. Once the information is gathered, the concept and personality of the brand are defined. Beyond visual aspects such as typography, color palette, and brand name, it is essential to build a story around the brand that is authentic and relevant to the target market. When applied correctly, this will establish an emotional connection with the consumer and, in turn, build market loyalty. The realization of this project extends beyond the visual choices that represent the brand and convey its message. Understanding the market requires clear project goals, as well as creativity to overcome limitations and create a story that is emotionally appealing to the consumer. As can be seen, it is a complex yet necessary process for a brand's success in an increasingly competitive market.
Special Economic Zones as drivers of economic development
This paper aims to analyze special economic zones as drivers of economic development in Venezuela. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted consisting of a literature review and an interview with an expert from the China Institute of Regional Development and Planning. The results reveal that Special Economic Zones can be catalysts for economic growth by promoting investment, generating employment, and fostering the development of specific sectors in defined geographical areas. By offering tax incentives, administrative facilities, and favorable regulations, they can attract foreign direct investment to the country, contributing to economic and technological development. In addition, Special Economic Zones facilitate international trade by offering special customs regimes, tariff reductions, and other measures that promote the import and export of goods and services, thereby increasing exports and improving the country's trade balance. Therefore, despite Venezuela's great potential due to its privileged geographical location and enormous natural resources, for Special Economic Zones to be successful, it is necessary to create conditions that promote the country's economic growth and development. To this end, the Venezuelan government must invest in infrastructure, guarantee a reliable supply of electricity and drinking water, build communication routes and transportation systems, strengthen the legal institutional framework and legal certainty, and streamline procedures to respond quickly to requests from companies participating in the Special Economic Zones. Otherwise, the initiative will not be successful.
Gender-Based Violence and Forced Displacement: Challenges and Proposalsfor the Protection of Migrant Women in Latin America
Gender-based violence and forced displacement disproportionately affect migrant women in Latin America, exposing them to multiple forms of violence and vulnerability.1 This article aims to analyze the relationship between gender-based violence and forced displacement in Latin America, exploring its structural causes, its multiple manifestations, and the consequences for migrant women. It also presents proposals based on local experiences and international best practices that have proven effective in protecting and assisting this population. The methodology used is qualitative, based on a rigorous documentary review that included reports from international organizations, legal treaties, and specialized academic literature. The identified risk factors include a lack of support networks, irregular migration status, and the absence of inclusive policies. Government and civil society initiatives vary in effectiveness, highlighting the need for comprehensive and gender-sensitive approaches. It is essential to enhance protection policies through regional cooperation, personnel training, and the implementation of programs tailored to the specific needs of migrant women. This study presents an analysis of the challenges faced by migrant women in Latin America, providing evidence-based recommendations to enhance their protection and support.
A decolonial model for the comprehensive management of psychologicaltrauma
This research paper presents a comprehensive and decolonial model for addressing psychological trauma, recognizing the complexity, diversity, and depth of traumatic experiences from a biological, psychological, social, spiritual, and cultural perspective. Through a critical review of the historical development of the concept of trauma, various types (singular, complex, evolutionary, intergenerational, and even moral) and their biopsychosocial impact are identified. The research employs a qualitative methodology that frames this review article, compiling relevant information on the subject, analyzing it in depth, and exploring new avenues for understanding and treating psychological trauma. The resulting contribution constitutes a call to move beyond universal approaches, proposing individualized, contextually sensitive, and culturally responsive care. The effects of trauma on the body, cognition, emotions, behavior, and memory are highlighted, and psychological interventions based on scientific evidence and unrestricted respect for human rights are advocated. The decolonial model is based on human dignity and social justice as guiding principles for the psychological care of affected individuals.
Factors affecting rural women's entrepreneurship a systematic literature review
Rural women's entrepreneurship in these territories fundamentally contributes to sustainable economic and social development, enabling government involvement. The study's main objective is to investigate, analyze, and synthesize the most significant contributions to rural women's entrepreneurship in 2020-2024. For methodological development, a systematic review of the literature is carried out. The study analyzes more than fifty articles from the Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Dialnet, Redalyc, and Scielo databases, including those about rural women's entrepreneurship. The main result identifies factors influencing rural female entrepreneurship, including demographic, economic, social, motivational, psychological, and environmental factors. The conclusion is that it is vital to understand and differentiate all the factors that influence rural female entrepreneurship to provide more accurate initiatives for women's empowerment and business survival in rural areas.
Business Management Empowered by Artificial Intelligence: A LiteratureReview
Introduction: Artificial intelligence has transformed business management by optimizing processes, improving decision-making, and generating competitive advantages. However, scientific production in this field is fragmented across various disciplines, making it challenging to construct an integrated view of its impact on business. This study analyzes the evolution of the literature on AI-powered business management using a bibliometric and scientometric approach, evaluating trends, citation patterns, academic collaboration, and emerging lines of research. Objective: To analyze the main trends in scientific output on AI-powered business management. Method: A quantitative methodology is applied to analyze publications indexed in Scopus. Indicators such as production volume, co-authorship, primary sources, and key terms were considered. The data were processed with the VOSviewer tool and Scopus resources to visualize collaboration networks and thematic evolution. Results: The results indicate that research on artificial intelligence applied to business has grown exponentially in the last five years, emphasizing five key trends: personalization of the customer experience, process automation, predictive analytics, fraud detection, and supply chain optimization. However, adoption faces challenges related to technological infrastructure, access to financing, and gaps in training specialized talent. Conclusions: To effectively integrate artificial intelligence into business management, synergies between academia, the private sector, and public policy are required to foster a sustainable innovation ecosystem. Empirical contribution: This paper presents a structured analysis of the knowledge generated to date, along with inputs for future research and reflections on the impact of artificial intelligence on business management.
Educational Management in Higher Education Institutions: Trends and FutureResearch Directions
Introduction: This article delves into the main trends in educational management in Higher Education Institutions. It highlights the urgent need for universities to adapt their management frameworks to address challenges related to digital transformation, sustainability, and quality assurance. Objective: This study aims to explore and analyze the ever-evolving landscape of educational management in higher education institutions. Method: The methodology includes a comprehensive review of relevant literature published between 2019 and 2024 in the Scopus database. By combining bibliometric analysis with qualitative assessments, this study provides a nuanced understanding of the trends shaping educational management in the higher education sector. Result: This study's results reveal a significant increase in scientific production related to educational management, accompanied by a rise in international collaboration. Emerging topics such as digital transformation, sustainability management, and adaptive leadership are significant focus areas within the field. Conclusions: This study underscores the need to explore less-researched areas, such as the ethical implications of technology and the importance of developing more inclusive and sustainable strategies for university management. It also emphasizes that digital transformation, organizational leadership, and sustainability will be key areas for future research. Empirical contribution: This study's empirical contribution lies in its thorough analysis of current trends and future perspectives in educational management in higher education institutions. By combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies, this research provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of educational management.
Determination of the key material aspects for Corporate Social Responsibility ofa pharmaceutical company
This article aims to identify the material aspects that impact Corporate Social Responsibility in a pharmaceutical company in Barranquilla, Colombia. Through a case study, it seeks to establish a framework to guide the implementation of practical, relevant, and beneficial CSR practices for the company and the community. A mixed methodology combines qualitative and quantitative tools for data collection and analysis. The study is divided into four stages: identification of stakeholders, prioritization of aspects relevant to Corporate Social Responsibility, strengthening of sustainable management, and alignment of corporate strategy with the pillars of sustainability. The results allow the design of a program focused on climate change, community, and waste management, aiming to contribute to sustainable development and strengthen business competitiveness in a highly demanding environment.
Impact of beliefs on trust relationships in traditionalneighborhood stores
Neighborhood stores are an economic, cultural, and social phenomenon of relevance in the reality of communities in developed countries, so understanding their dynamics is beneficial.1 This research aims to determine the incidence of people's beliefs in trust in the purchase relationship in retail establishments or neighborhood stores in Colombia. A cultural model approach is used to understand the phenomenon. The research was developed with the implementation of exploratory-ethnographic approaches, which allowed the proposal of a methodology to evaluate the impact of beliefs on trust relationships in traditional neighborhood stores. In this way, it is concluded that understanding the consumer's nature requires understanding its cultural habitat, so seventeen are established from ethnography. Likewise, there are four factors based on the ethnography of trust: cognitive trust, benevolent trust, reciprocal trust, and value trust.
Knowledge management in apparel manufacturing companies
This research aims to analyze the influence of knowledge management in garment manufacturing organizations in the municipality of San José de Cúcuta in the year 2022, characterizing the process of functional knowledge management and describing the formation of human resources. Descriptive, transactional research is carried out by applying a survey to a sample of twenty-nine managers based on the Likert scale method to collect different opinions. The results indicate that in the management procedure, there is knowledge acquisition; however, it is evident that the organizations focus on management, and there is no employee participation in strategic decision-making. The data reveal that the transfer and application of knowledge are affected; it is evident that knowledge is not a tangible asset of value, and there is an absence of storage and protection criteria. Therefore, it can be said that there is a formation of human talent, and companies consider them an active element that promotes the development of knowledge management processes and competitiveness.
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Psychosocial risk factors and ecological discomfort of workers in Salvadoran organizationsrkers in Salvadoran organizations
In the reality of labor that involves the day-to-day productive activities of workers worldwide, it is necessary to investigate the psychosocial risks at the group level and the ecological discomfort to which they are exposed. This work aims to analyze the psychosocial risk factors and environmental discomfort of workers in Salvadoran organizations so that the decision-makers of the companies, the institutions of the State guarantors of the rights of workers, and the workers themselves know about the suffering of these psychosocial risks and discomfort. The psychosocial risks and ecological discomfort are analyzed with the tool designed by Healthy Talent Model© and HTMetrics PCAS Tool©, making it possible to investigate the prevalence of these risks and discomforts in the workplace—a quantitative, qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory analysis using frequency tables. The results show the prevalence of work stress, psychosocial risks at the group level, and ecological discomfort. In this respect, levels of interventions to be carried out are proposed to mitigate or eradicate the incidence of these ailments in Salvadoran workers.
Artificial intelligence and its possibilities in basic education: an experience with practicing teachers
The objective of this work is to design a didactic strategy that provides basic education teachers with the concepts of the principle of operation of Generative Artificial Intelligence used in teaching and its applications to enhance their digital skills so that they can provide learning environments appropriate to the needs of their students. The methodology is of mixed approach and concurrent type to determine quantitatively the strengthening of digital skills and qualitatively the teachers' perception of the application of Generative Artificial Intelligence in education. The strategy is used with eleven teachers of a private educational institution, addressing issues related to Artificial Intelligence generating text, images, and multimedia material. The results show a considerable improvement in teachers' digital skills, reflected in the test conducted before and after the intervention, as well as in the socialization of the assigned tasks. The teachers' perception was favorable since they all expressed their intention to use the digital tools based on Generative Artificial Intelligence and the ethical responsibility their use in the classroom implies. It is concluded that it is essential to train teachers in Generative Artificial Intelligence, emphasizing its principle of operation rather than the applications themselves, due to the incredible speed with which they evolve.
Between adaptability and precariousness: a critical analysis of the new human management practices in the Colombian organizational paradigm
A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive methodological approach is adopted in the study of implementing innovative organizational structures in Colombia, relying on discourse analysis using ATLAS.ti software to delve into human management practices. This analysis is based on twenty-two interviews conducted in thirty-nine companies in the private industrial sector, aiming at a detailed understanding of how these practices impact both organizations and their workers. The objective is to determine how labor flexibility and organizational restructuring in Colombian companies affect labor inequality and contribute to the precariousness of employment. The research highlights labor flexibilization as a central axis of change, examining it critically to reveal its operational and economic benefits and its consequences in terms of labor inequality and precariousness. This approach shows that, far from being a unidirectional move towards improving intellectual capital through emerging technologies, the reality is more complex, characterized by labor precarization, critical human management, inequality, and organizational exploitation. The findings of this study highlight a worrisome growth in the disparity of power between employers and employees, promoting practices that exacerbate inequality and exploitation within the work environment. In view of this, a critical review of human management policies and organizational structures is called to promote a fairer and more equitable work environment that prioritizes the well-being of all company members and counteracts the adverse effects of labor flexibilization. This comprehensive approach suggests rethinking organizational strategies to balance business adaptability and protect workers' rights and dignity.
Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Occupational Health and Safety processes
Artificial Intelligence is transforming the Occupational Health and Safety field, offering innovative tools to prevent risks, optimize processes, and improve decision-making. However, its adoption poses ethical, technical, and organizational challenges that require a rigorous and responsible approach. This article explores current trends in implementing Artificial Intelligence and Occupational Health and Safety, identifying opportunities, gaps, and guidelines for its practical use. An integrative review of the literature published between 2020 and 2024 focuses on applications of Artificial Intelligence transforming the Occupational Health and Safety field. Sources include scientific articles, systematic reviews, and case studies indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. Four key trends are discussed: predictive accident prevention, real-time monitoring, inspection automation, and data analytics for continuous improvement. Artificial Intelligence has a significant potential to improve Occupational Health and Safety, standing out in the early identification of risks, process optimization, and accident reduction. However, critical challenges are identified, such as the protection of personal data, transparency of algorithms, and fairness in decision-making. In addition, there is a need for governance frameworks and institutional policies to ensure the ethical and sustainable use of these technologies. Thus, Artificial Intelligence represents an unprecedented opportunity to improve workplace safety and well-being. Still, its success will depend on the organization's ability to address the associated ethical and technical challenges. This article contributes to the academic and practical debate by proposing guidelines for a responsible and effective adoption of Artificial Intelligence and Occupational Health and Safety.
The teaching, milestones and challenges: a dialectical review from the 17th to the 21st century
The article aims to analyze the evolution of teaching in the last two centuries because it is a professional activity of a complex nature, which is influenced by the historical and social context events that precisely motivate its evolution. It is assumed to be a systematic, intentional, and interactive process in which the teacher, the students, and the community participate in various socio-formative activities to access the content and collaboratively build knowledge. In the 17th century, teaching acquired a scientific-pedagogical character with excellent didactics of a humanistic and developmental nature centered on the student. From the 18th to the 20th centuries, they refer to the substantive influence of pedagogical contributions that denote its systematization from an epistemological, didactic, and pedagogical positioning from practical rationality, with a socio-critical orientation and a constructivist approach. The study is qualitative, with a documentary design, under the hermeneutic method. The findings reiterate that it is a dialectical and dialogical process, with a high pedagogical and moral commitment, marked by the immediacy and uncertainty of the times and the scientific and technological advances, making it admissible to rethink it to make it relevant. Thus, 21st-century education imposes the challenge of being constantly evaluated and transformed with the support of all socio-educational actors. It responds to the ideals of comprehensive training, allowing the individual to know, do, learn, tolerate, and live in society.
Value Proposition Design and Artificial Intelligence: A predictive model to secure products and services
In an increasingly digitized and competitive business environment, the ability to design products and services that meet customer needs and are secure and personalized has become a key differentiator for organizations. This study explores the intersection between Value Proposition Design and Artificial Intelligence, proposing a theoretical and practical framework that integrates these two disciplines to optimize value creation and ensure the delivery of products and services tailored to customer expectations and needs. Methodologically, value propositions are validated using Artificial Intelligence predictive models. This technique allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposals before their implementation, dynamically adjusting them according to success predictions and changing market conditions. The results reveal that Value Proposition Design focuses on deeply understanding customers and identifying their tasks, needs, and expected benefits in order to develop value propositions that effectively solve their problems. By incorporating Artificial Intelligence techniques, such as machine learning and predictive analytics, this process can be automated and improved, allowing organizations to identify customer behavior patterns, personalize offers in real time, and foresee potential problems before they materialize. It is concluded that case studies and applied examples demonstrate how this combination can transform how companies design and deliver value, increasing customer satisfaction and competitiveness in the marketplace.
Commercial opportunities between the republic of Colombia and Israel
This article examines the implications and impact of the implications and effects of the Colombia-Israel Free Trade Agreement, highlighting the importance of importance for the export of agricultural and technological goods. A review of previous research is carried out, identifying how the collaboration between the two countries has opened doors to significant innovations in the agricultural and technological sector; and how this treaty has allowed Colombia to face and how this agreement has enabled Colombia to address economic and social challenges by strengthening local infrastructure and investing in advanced technology. Advanced technology. It also examines the challenges and opportunities presented by the treaty, including meeting the high quality and certification standards required by the Israeli market. Certification standards are needed for the Israeli market. The results reveal that the Colombia-Israel Free Trade Agreement represents a key element in internationalization. The results reveal that the Colombia-Israel Free Trade Agreement represents a fundamental piece of the internationalization strategy of the Colombian economy, especially for the Santander region and its agricultural sector. This treaty, inspired by the principles of openness and globalization that have guided Colombian economic policy since the 1990s, promotes deeper integration of Colombia into the integration of Colombia into the world economy. Therefore, it is concluded that the Free Trade Agreement is an engine for economic growth and market and market diversification, and it also represents an opportunity to promote responsible and sustainable agricultural practices that benefit Colombia and Israel.
Managerial culture in professional sports organizations in Guantanamo
This article examines the managerial culture in professional sports organizations in Guantánamo to identify the predominant management practices and their impact on organizational performance. The scope of the study covers several sports entities in Guantánamo, providing a comprehensive view of the managerial environment. The methodology is qualitative. In-depth interviews and surveys are conducted with managers and employees of these organizations to collect relevant data. The results reveal a marked influence of the local culture on management practices and highlight the importance of internal communication, participatory decision-making, and continuous staff training. In addition, significant challenges are identified, such as the lack of resources and the need for greater professionalization of sports management. The conclusions suggest that a strong managerial culture adapted to the local context can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of sports organizations in Guantánamo, proposing recommendations to strengthen managerial capacities and foster a more cohesive and results-oriented work environment.
Teaching and learning subjects in Italian language teaching: between theory and practice
This article aims to identify how the teaching practices developed by advanced students of a teaching program in Italian were influenced by the relationship between the construction of knowledge, experiences, and educational practices. In order to achieve this, a qualitative methodology is designed: an exhaustive literature review, classroom observation, and in-depth interviews with student practitioners of the Italian teaching program at a public university. The article presents the main findings of a research that focused on the teaching practices of a multilingual education project developed in a public school in Entre Ríos (Argentina). The findings and conclusions from this research focus on three key axes: the place of experience in Italian language teacher training practices framed in the multilingual project, the didactic-pedagogical proposals, and the resignification of theory in the practices. The goal is to inspire the development of new research and, in particular, to improve the teaching and learning processes of foreign languages, particularly Italian.
El equipo editorial de la Revista Gestión y Desarrollo Libre se enorgullece en presentar la edición No. 18, correspondiente al año 2024. Aprovecho esta oportunidad para agradecer al equipo editorial y a todas las personas que contribuyeron a hacer realidad esta publicación. En esta edición, se compilan valiosos aportes científicos provenientes de diversos países, entre ellos Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, Estados Unidos, México, Venezuela y Uruguay, enriqueciendo así el conocimiento y la perspectiva regional.
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El equipo editorial de la Revista Gestión y Desarrollo Libre se complace en presentar la edición No. 17, correspondiente al año 2024. Quiero expresar mi agradecimiento tanto al equipo editorial como a todas las personas que hicieron posible esta publicación. Esta edición reúne aportes científicos de países como Brasil, Colombia, Cuba, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, México y Venezuela.
Informal Workers: A socioeconomic and demographic study
Informality is a phenomenon that has been spreading throughout Colombia due to the lack of adsorption of labor by the formal sector, directing the workforce to other labor activities, specifically to itinerant, stationary or semi-stationary sales, where they sell toiletries, perishable and non-perishable food, beverages, clothing, among others, who in the absence of a place or workplace, resort to invading public space. The objective of this study is to characterize the population of informal sector workers in the downtown area of the city of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia, for the year 2013. The study is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. A survey was formulated and applied to seventy-three informal vendors in the downtown area of the city of San José de Cúcuta. Regarding the profile of the informal worker, for the education dimension, it is evident that the worker has an incomplete primary education level, that he abandoned his education at the age of 15 due to lack of income, that his work duties do not allow him to study at the same time. However, he has no intention of resuming his academic activity. For the sociodemographic dimension, it is found that there are no significant differences in terms of sex. However, there are more men than women; the average working age is between 40 and 44 years, and most of them are net residents by birth; they live in the peripheral neighborhoods of the city. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a permanent occupational health program for the informal sector in the downtown area of the city of Cúcuta, including an epidemiological surveillance system for occupational accidents and work-related diseases. In addition, it is important to carry out studies in the municipal planning secretariat on sectors that are favorable and available for the implementation of relocation projects for vendors so that the local administration manages a favorable environment.
E-Government: An empirical study in municipalities
The objective of this paper is to analyze e-government in the municipalities of the state of Táchira, Venezuela. The study is quantitative. In this regard, a questionnaire with dichotomous questions divided into two parts is applied, the first one integrated by twelve items in order to evaluate the application of Electronic Government in the municipalities and the second part integrated by eleven items in order to evaluate the pros and cons of Electronic Government. The sample was intentional and non-probabilistic and was integrated by eighteen managers of the municipalities. The results reveal that e-government is being implemented, but there is still a long way to go. With the advance and popularization of information and communication technologies, which are fundamental for the development and implementation of E-Government, it is unjustifiable that today's municipal governments do not take advantage of the benefits offered by technologies. It is concluded that although the vast majority of municipalities have the necessary elements to implement e-government efficiently, there is still much to be done in this regard since basic tools are being used. The benefits offered by technologies for efficient management and better interaction with the communities are not being taken.
Information and Communication Technologies
Trends in integrated logistics and supply chain research focused on achieving process quality
Logistics management is crucial for improving the quality of business processes, as it directly impacts customer satisfaction and profitability. The objective of the research is to analyze the scientific production of integrated logistics and supply chains focused on the achievement of process quality. The research paradigm is mixed, based on a descriptive and retrospective bibliometric analysis, complemented by a documentary review, according to the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology in the SCOPUS, Scielo, and Google academic databases during the period 1998 to 2024. The behavior of the research is heterogeneous, with a positive trend characterized by a linear function where research articles in the area of engineering predominate. The top-producing countries are China and India. Four lines of scientific research are identified, in addition to an analysis of authors and citation levels in the subject. Logistics emerges as an essential component in modern business management and impacts the quality of business processes as it directly impacts customer satisfaction and profitability.
Emergency Remote Education: challenges, assessment and ethics in virtual learning
This academic work is framed in a bibliographic and audiovisual material review, originated from the author's concern about the learning obtained by the students due to the change produced by the COVID-19 pandemic in universities that had a tradition of face-to-face teaching and that migrated to a virtual model in order not to stop their work. During this period, the term Virtual Education was used to refer to this new context, in which it was intended to make up for the lack of face-to-face teaching. However, the correct term for such a situation is Emergency Remote Education. For the review of theoretical and empirical material, the publication interval from 2015 to 2021 is defined, as well as the descriptors and search and discard criteria. The analysis allows identifying five themes, namely: virtual education, evaluation, the role of the teacher, the role of the learner, and learning. The results obtained provide a compendium of systematized and accessible information. In addition, the correspondence between teaching and evaluation activities is visualized, as well as the ethical component that entails the possibility of bad practices that disguise real learning in accordance with the objectives of their courses.
The comprehensive and decolonial management of conflicts
The purpose of this research work is to open a deep reflection on conflict management, describing the conflict and how it can be managed in an integral way in human relations, considering a decolonial point of view. It seeks to challenge the traditional structures of conflict management that have perpetuated inequality and injustice, promoting a model of solidarity and integration that considers justice, equity, and respect for human dignity. The fundamental objective is to offer an integrative, comprehensive, and profound view of how it is possible to manage conflicts constructively, considering the socio-cultural dynamics that influence them. The research is framed in a qualitative, descriptive, documentary review methodology, which allows a deep and critical review of the existing literature on the subject of study. The results reveal key aspects that highlight the need to transform the way in which conflict is managed, starting with the transformation of traditional power structures that have maintained conflict management in terms of inequality, asymmetry, control, and coercion and moving towards a model of solidarity and integral mediation that favors management in terms of equity and justice.